L01 - 1.1 Flashcards
Define deviance
A behaviour that differs from societys norms.
What are the 3 types of deviance?
1)Behaviour which is abnormal and good
2)Behaviour which is unusual, bizarre, a concern
3)Behaviour which is unusual, not approved in society
Define crime.
Deviance+law+punishment=crime
Define actus reus
Guilty act
Define mens rea
Criminal responsibility; guilty mind.
Define Strict liability
An individual causes harm, but not with the mens rea.
Define Norms
The specific true or socially accepte standards
Define values
A principle on how we should live.
Define morals
a basic set of rules held by individuals and/or society
Define polygamy
A practice of having one or more spouse at the same time.
Give 3 examples of where polygamy is a crime.
Austria
America
Europe
Give 3 examples of countries where polygamy is legal.
Afghanistan
Pakistan
Egypt
Define adultery.
A sexual relationship between a married person and someone other than a spouse
Give 3 countries where Adultery is legal.
Italy
France
Austria
Give 3 countries where adultery is a crime.
USA
Southwest Asia
Africa
Why do adultery laws vary?
Christanity, the 10 commandments.
Why does polygamy laws vary?
Islamic traditions accept polygamy whereas christians do not accpet polygamy.
Define culture
Culture includes the social behaviour and norms. It’s the shared values, beliefs and customs.
How do laws change from culture to culture?
Religious beliefs.
How do laws change over time?
A changing idea in humans rights.
What are formal sanctions?
Formal sanctions are imposed by authority.
e.g police, court, and the school.
What are informal sanactions?
Informal sanactions are not not formally written down, and is not a fixed set of rules.
E.G not speaking to them, a slap on the wrist.
Formal sanctions against criminals.
What are custodial sentences?
Serious offences are punishable by:
->Imprisonment
->dentention in a younge offenders’ institution.
->Discharge
Formal sanactions against criminals.
What is community sentences? Give 2 examples.
Served in the community rather the prison:
->probaiton orders
-> Restrictions;curfew
