Rhinitis

Question 1

Rhinitis

Answer 1

Chronic & often debilitating disease involving acute or chronic inflammation of nasal mucosa.

Question 2

How does rhinitis cause difficulty breathing in?

Answer 2

Increased mucosal blood flow & increased blood vessel permeability & dilated blood vessels => increases volume of nasal mucosa

Question 3

Rhinorrhea

Answer 3

Watery mucus accumulation in nasal cavity.

Question 4

Types

Answer 4

Allergic, non-allergic, mixed

Question 5

Allergic Rhinitis types

Answer 5

Seasonal, perennial, episodic

Question 6

Allergic Rhinitis

Answer 6

Inhalation of allergen increases IgE levels => IgE binds to receptors on mast cells & basophils => re-exposure to allergen you causes mast cell & basophil degranulaton => release of mediators causing itching, sneezing, rhinorrhea & nasal congestion.

Question 7

How does allergic rhinitis cause congestion & obstruction

Answer 7

Delayed response caused by recruitment of lymphocytes & eosinophils to nasal mucosa.

Question 8

Non-allergic rhinitis

Answer 8

Any rhinitis that does not involve IgE dependent events

Question 9

Causes of non-allergic rhinitis

Answer 9

Infection, hormonal, vasomotor disturbance, NARES, drug-induced

Question 10

Mixed allergic rhinitis

Answer 10

Occupational rhinitis

Question 11

Symptoms

Answer 11

Rhinorrhea, sneezing, itching, nasal congestion & obstruction.

Question 12

Treatment

Answer 12

• Glucocorticoids
• CysLT1 receptor antagonists
• Vasoconstrictors
• Sodium cromoglicate.