Rhinitis Flashcards

1
Q

Rhinitis

A

Chronic & often debilitating disease involving acute or chronic inflammation of nasal mucosa.

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2
Q

How does rhinitis cause difficulty breathing in?

A

Increased mucosal blood flow & increased blood vessel permeability & dilated blood vessels => increases volume of nasal mucosa

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3
Q

Rhinorrhea

A

Watery mucus accumulation in nasal cavity.

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4
Q

Types

A

Allergic, non-allergic, mixed

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5
Q

Allergic Rhinitis types

A

Seasonal, perennial, episodic

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6
Q

Allergic Rhinitis

A

Inhalation of allergen increases IgE levels => IgE binds to receptors on mast cells & basophils => re-exposure to allergen you causes mast cell & basophil degranulaton => release of mediators causing itching, sneezing, rhinorrhea & nasal congestion.

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7
Q

How does allergic rhinitis cause congestion & obstruction

A

Delayed response caused by recruitment of lymphocytes & eosinophils to nasal mucosa.

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8
Q

Non-allergic rhinitis

A

Any rhinitis that does not involve IgE dependent events

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9
Q

Causes of non-allergic rhinitis

A

Infection, hormonal, vasomotor disturbance, NARES, drug-induced

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10
Q

Mixed allergic rhinitis

A

Occupational rhinitis

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11
Q

Symptoms

A

Rhinorrhea, sneezing, itching, nasal congestion & obstruction.

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12
Q

Treatment

A
  • Glucocorticoids
  • CysLT1 receptor antagonists
  • Vasoconstrictors
  • Sodium cromoglicate.
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