Bronchiectasis Flashcards

1
Q

Bronchiectasis

A

Abnormal, fixed (irreversible) dilatation of the bronchi. Dilatation airways accumulate purulent secretions.

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2
Q

Causes

A

Repeated infections, fibrous scarring following infection, chronic bronchial obstruction, immunodeficiency, rheumatoid arthritis, 50% idiopathic.

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3
Q

What happens to bronchi?

A

They become dilated, inflamed & easily collapsible.

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4
Q

Symptoms

A

Persistent productive cough, intermittent haemoptysis, chest pain, recurrent LRTIs

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5
Q

Signs

A

Finger clubbing, coarse inspiratory crepitations, wheeze.

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6
Q

Investigations

A

CXR, HRCT, FBC, sputum culture, serum immunoglobulins

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7
Q

CXR

A

Signet ring sign

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8
Q

HRCT

A

Thickened, dilatated airways

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9
Q

Complications

A

Pneumonia, pleural effusion, pneumothorax etc.

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10
Q

Treatment: Lifestyle

A

Exercise, smoking cessation, improved nutrition, airway clearance therapy.

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11
Q

Prevention

A

Vaccine

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12
Q

Treatment: Antibiotics

A

According to pathogen sensitivities.

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