Rheumatology/Orthopedics and Sports Flashcards
Juvenile Idiopathic Arhritis
Autoinflammatory disease of childhood
> 2 weeks of daily fever (quotidian)
FIXED arthritis > 6 weeks
Pink rash that worsens with fever
Morning stiffness, afternoon relief
Diesase Modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD)
Methotrexate: folate antimetabolite. A/E: hepatotoxicity, stomatitis, cytopenias
Hydroxychloroquine: TNF alpha; IL1 suppressor. A/E: Retinopathy
Sulfasalazine: TNF alpha; IL1 suppressor. A/E: hepatotoxosity, stomatitis, hemolytic anemia
Tacrolimus mechanism of action
calcineurin inhibitor
Cyclosporine mechanism of action
Calcineurin inhibitor
Etiology of Avascular Necrosis
Steroid use Alcohol consumption SLE Antiphospholipid syndrome Sickle Cell Disease Infections Decompression Sickness Renal transplantation
Bullous Pemphigoid
Autoimmune disorder
Patients older thatn 60, parkinson, depression, dementia
IgG C3 deposits
TTE: high potency steroids, doxycycline
Fibromyalgia
Young to middle age women
Chronic WIDESPREAD pain
Fatigue, impaired concentration
Tenderness at trigger points
Polymiositis
Proximal muscle WEAKNESS
Pain is mild or absent
Dx: elevated muscle enzymes, autoantibodies JO-1, ANA
Polymyalgia Rheumatica
Women over 50 years old
Systemic S&S
Stiffness more than pain, in shoulders, hip, neck
Can be associated with GIANT CELL ARTERITIS
Dx: Elevated ESR, C-RP
SLE markers
ANA (sensitive)
dsDNA - smith (specific)
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
Hemolytic Anemia
Thrombocytopenia
AKI
Slipped Capital Femoral Head
N 1 hip disorder in adolescents
Surgical Emergency
patello femoral pain
N 1 cause of knee pain in the adolescents
Movie goer sign
Knee pain after seating down for a prolonged period of time
Patelofemoral pain
Patello fermoral pain syndrome and surgery
Only after 24 months of failed treatment
Avoid at all costs
Clubfeet management
Serial molding casts
Then, long term bracing
Down Syndrome muscular alterations
Atlantoaxial inestability, which can compress the spinal cord
Leads to upper motor nueron findings: spasticity, hyperreflexia, babinski
Nutritional Rickets
Deficiency in vitamin D
Frontal blossing: delayed closing of fontanelles
Wrist enlargement: epiphyses enlargment
Costochondral junction enlargment: rachitic rosary
Bowing of the femur and tibia
Short stature
Henoch Schonlein Purpura: complications
Intussusception :: IgA deposits leading to edema and bleeding
Child Abuse lesions
Femur fracture in nonambulatory infants
Posterior rib fracture
Metaphysheal corner fractures
Retinal and subural hemorrhages
Risk factor for septic arthritis
JIA
Lyme Disease bacteria
Borrelia Burgdorferi
Legg Calves Perthes disease
Avascular necrosis of the femur
Boy 3-12
tte w/ splinting, possible surgical repair
Testicular pain + rash
Henoch Schonlein Purpura
IgA vasculitis
