Nervous System

Question 1

Phenytoin adverse effects

Answer 1

Folic Acid Deficiency: due to impaired absorption in jejunum. Megaboblastic Anemia due to tetrahydrofolate and DNA.

Gingival overgrowth/hyperplasia: impairs gollagenase activity and a subsequent buildup of gingival matrix

Reduced calcium density: disrupts bone and metabolism.

Supplement with: B9, Vit D, Ca

Question 2

B6 deficiency (Pyridoxine)

Answer 2

Peripheral neuropathy

Due to isoniazid tratment

Question 3

Trigeminal Neuralgia treatment

Answer 3

Carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine

If failure, nerve decompression surgery

Question 4

Guillain Barre syndrome treatment

Answer 4

IVIG or plasmapheresis

Question 5

Abscence Seizures

Answer 5

Treat with ETHOSUXIMIDE

Question 6

Narcolepsy

Answer 6

Daytime Sleepiness
Hypnagogic Hallucinations
Sleep paralysis
Cataplexy

Question 7

Myasthenia Gravis physiopathology

Answer 7

Atb against Ach-R on neuromuscular joints

Question 8

Vestibular Neuronitis

Answer 8

Single episode, lasts days
Preceded by viral infection
Abnormal head thrust test

Question 9

BPPV

Answer 9

Brief episodes triggered by head movement

Altered dix hallpike maneuvers

Question 10

Meniere disease

Answer 10

Episodes lasts 20 minutes
Sensineural hearing loss
Tinnitus/fulness in ear

Question 11

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Answer 11

Upper motor neuron signs: SPASTICITY, HYPERREFLEXIA
Lower motor neuron signs: atrophy, fasciculations
Bulbar symptoms: dysarthria, dysphagia

Question 12

Chiari II malformation

Answer 12

Lateral ventricule dilation

Herniation of the cerebellum through the foramen magnum

:: myelomeningocele

Question 13

Post Concussion syndrome

Answer 13

After 4 weeks

Headache is the most common symptom

Question 14

Respiratory abnormalities
Loss of verbal skills
Repetitive Movement
Gait disturbances

head growth deceleration

Answer 14

Rett syndorme

6 - 18 months