Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Internal Medicine > Rheumatology > Flashcards

Rheumatology Flashcards

1
Q

Most common type of arthritis?

A

Osteoarthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Most potent risk factor for osteoarthritis?

A

Age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Two major factors contributing to the development of OA?

A

Joint loading
Joint vulnerability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Nodes found in the PIP joint in OA?

A

Bouchards nodes

B Bouchards comes first in the alphabet before H of Heberden

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Nodes found on the DIP joint OA?

A

Heberdens nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Most common site of symptomatic osteoarthritis?

A

Knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pathologic sine qua non of osteoarthritis?

A

Hyaline articular cartilage loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Mainstay of tx in OA?

A

Nonpharmacologic

Altering joint loading and improving function of joint protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Initial analgesic of choice for OA ?

A

Acetaminophen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Most common side effects of oral NSAIDs ?

A

Upper GI Toxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Maximum dose of Acetaminophen in OA ?

A

1 gram TID

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Earliest involved joints in RA?

A

Small joints of hands and feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Subluxation of the 1st MCP joint with hyperextension of 1st IP joint?

A

Z- line deformity

Inward and Outward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis: 2D Echo with doppler

A
  1. Mild left ventricular compliance abnormality
  2. Ejection fraction of 70%
  3. Minimal pericardial effusion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis Xray pf hands and feet?

A
  1. Subluxations
  2. Osteopenia
  3. Bony erosions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Nodular RA , Splenomegaly and Neutropenia?

A

Felty’s Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

DMARDs in RA?

A
  1. Methotrexate
  2. Sulfasalazine
  3. Hydroxychloroquine
  4. Leflunomide
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Category X DMARDs

A

Methotrexate
Leflunomide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Onset of action of DMARDs ?

A

6 to 12 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Most serious toxicity associated with use of hydroxychloroquine ?

A
  1. Irreversible retinal damage
  2. Cardiotoxicity
  3. Blood dyscrasia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Triple therapy in RA?

A

Methotrexate
Sulfasalazine
Hydroxychloroquine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Monitoring of serum creatinine, CBC, and liver function tests during Methotrexate therapy?

A

2 to 3 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Biological in RA by inhibiting the co-stimulation of T cells by blocking CD 28- CD 80/ 86 interactions

A

Abatacept

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

TB screening required prior to initiation of the following biologics?

A
  1. TNF alpha inhibitors: infiximab, etanercept, adalimumab, golimumab
  2. Abatancept
  3. Anakinra
  4. IL-6 Inh: tocilizumab, sarilumab
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Hallmark features for psoriatic arthritis?
Dactylitis: swelling of fingers and toes “sausage like appearance” Enthesitis :Swelling / inflammation of more than one enthesis ( joint / tendon area)
26
Most common acute rash in SLE?
Malar Rash
27
Most common chronic dermatitis in SLE?
Discoid Rash
28
Autoantibodies in subacute cutaneous lupus?
Anti-Ro (SS-A)
29
Anti-arrhythmic causing drug-induced lupus? (3)
1. Procainamide 2. Disopyramide 3. Propafenone
30
Anti-hypertensives causing drug induced lupus? (4)
1. Hydralazine 2. Methyldopa 3. Beta blockers 4. ACE inhibitors Anti Hypertensive : HuMBA
31
Antibiotics causing drug induced lupus? (3)
1. Isoniazid 2. Minocycline 3. Nitrofurantoin
32
CNS drugs causing drug induced lupus?
Chlorpromazine Lithium
33
Tx for hyperthyroidism that causes drug induced lupus?
PTU Propylthiouracil
34
Positively birefringent, rhomboid shaped crystals in synovial fluid?
Calcium Pyrophosphate (CPPD)
35
Negative birefringent, needle shaped crystals in synovial fluid?
Urate ( Gout)
36
Treatment approach in APAS?
1. Pregnant: LMWH , Aspirin, IVIg 2. Non-pregnant: Warfarin for life 3. Positive ACL , Anti-B2GPI and LA: Aspirin & Hydroxychloroquine 4. Recurrent thrombosis despite anticoagulation: IVIg
37
Color changes in Reynauds phenomenon?
1. White : pallor from vasoconstriction 2. Blue: cyanosis or ischemia 3. Red: hyperemia from reperfusion
38
Treatment of Reynauds Phenomenon?
1. Non pharmacologic - Dress warmly - Avoid cold exposure - Avoid drugs that exacerbate vasospasm 2. Pharmacologic - Amlodipine - Diltiazem - ARBs - Alpha blockers - PDE 5 Inhibitors
39
Treatment of Sjogren’s Syndrome: Dry eyes
1. Artificial tears 2. Ophthalmic solutions 3. Avoid diuretics, antihypertensive, anticholinergics, and anti-depressants
40
Treatment of Sjogren’s Syndrome: Xerostomia
1. Best replacement is water 2. Pilocarpine 3. Cevimeline
41
Treatment of Sjogren’s Syndrome: Arthritis
1. Hydroxychloroquine or Methotrexate 2. Prednisolone
42
Treatment of Sjogren’s Syndrome: Reynauds
Cold protection
43
Treatment of Sjogren’s Syndrome: Renal tubular acidosis
Bicarbonate replacement
44
Treatment of Sjogren’s Syndrome: Lymphoma
1. Rituximab plus 2. CHOP -Cyclophosphamide -Hydroxyurea -Vincristine -Prednisone
45
Polyarthritis of Rheumatic Fever?
Wrists and Elbows to Shoulders and Cervical Area
46
Most appropriate initial pharmacologic tx in symptomatic px with OA in pain?
Acetaminophen
47
Most common extra articular manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis?
Anterior Uveitis 20-30%
48
Tried to retard progression of Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Hydroxychloroquine
49
Sjogren Syndrome features
1. Dry skin, Mouth, Eyes, Nose 2. Confirmed by Tissue biopsy 3. Avoid antihistamine like diphenhydramine
50
Most common connective tissue disorders associated with secondary Sjogrens syndrome?
Rheumatoid arthritis
51
Scleroderma seen in what conditions? (4)
1. Woman with thickened skin , tight fingers / sclerodactyly 2. Reynauds phenomenon or Digital pitting scars : dark shiny skin on distal phalanges of both arms 3. Associated with Sclerodactyly 4. Associated with Vit D deficiency
52
Effective tx in acute severe allergic reactions? (4)
1. Epinephrine (adrenaline): Reduction of bodys allergic response 2. Oxygen: to aid in breathing 3. IV antihistamine and corticosteroids: reduction of inflammation of air passages and improvement of breathing 4. Beta agonists: relief of breathing symptoms
53
Antibody in allergic reaction?
IgE
54
Mechanism of allergic reaction?
Immunoglobulin binds to allergen and mast cells
55
Most common presentation of anaphylaxis?
Cutaneous manifestations
56
Most practical and useful biomarker in documenting severity of anaphylaxis?
Serum tryptase
57
Treatment of first choice in anaphylaxis?
IM Epinephrine
58
Failure to use epinephrine within this time period of symptoms of anaphylaxis is associated with poor outcomes?
20 minutes
59
Insufficient venous return to the heart from sudden onset of hypotension in anaphylaxis, which can be accelerated by epinephrine administration?
Empty heart syndrome
60
Most common form of chronic inflammatory arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis
61
Most common hematologic abnormality in rheumatoid arthritis?
Normochromic, Normocytic Anemia
62
Most frequent site of cardiac involvement in Rheumatoid arthritis?
Pericarditis
63
Clinical triad of neutropenia, splenomegaly, and nodular rheumatoid arthritis?
Felty’s Syndrome
64
Most common cause of death in px with rheumatoid arthritis?
Cardiovascular disease ( ischemic heart disease)
65
DMARDs of First choice for initial treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Methotrexate
66
Often the next step for treatment of RA patients with an inadequate response to methotrexate therapy?
Methotrexate + Anti-TNF agent
67
Anti-TNF agents used in RA? (5)
1. Certolizumab 2. Adalimumab 3. Golimumab 4. Etanercept 5. Infliximab CAGE In by RA Anti-TNF
68
MOA of Abatacept?
Blocks CD28 - CD 80/86 interactions

Internal Medicine (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions