Neurology & Psychology

Question 1

Most common cause of syncope?

Answer 1

Neurally- mediated ( Vasovagal)

Question 2

Most common type of seizure?

Answer 2

Generalized tonic-Clonic

Question 3

Most common affected vessel in stroke?

Answer 3

Middle Cerebral Artery

Question 4

Most common cause of Subarachnoid hemorrhage?

Answer 4

Trauma

Question 5

Most common non-traumatic cause of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage?

Answer 5

Ruptured Aneurysm (Saccular)

Question 6

Most common site of aneurysm in subarachnoid hemorrhage?

Answer 6

Anterior Communicating Artery - Anterior Cerebral Artery Junction

Question 7

Bleeding/ Hemorrhage in the delicate innermost layers of the meninges?

Answer 7

Intracerebral

Question 8

Test for Fast phase nystagmus =Peripheral vestibular lesion ?

Answer 8

Cold water in the ear, which causes ipsilateral vestibular dysfunction, produces nystagmus to the opposite side.

COWS

Question 9

Happens during and immediately after an epileptic seizure?

Answer 9

1. Patient may become unconscious
2. There may be transient confusion
3. Affected patients feel exhausted

Question 10

Non-consciously generated activities and simple repetitive movements in epilepsy?

Answer 10

Automatisms

Question 11

Sudden neurologic deficit but all neurologic sign and symptoms resolve within 24hrs, and without evidence of infarction on brain imaging?

Answer 11

Transient Ischemic Attack

Question 12

Initial test to differentiate between ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke?

Answer 12

Non-contrast Head CT scan

Question 13

Bleeding in the innermost layers or directly in the brain parenchyma?

Answer 13

Intracerebral hemorrhage

Question 14

Most common site for hypertensive hemorrhagic stroke?

Answer 14

Basal ganglia ( putamen)

Question 15

Characteristic of a brainstem stroke?

Answer 15

1. Altered breathing and heart rate
2. Quadriplegia
3. Cranial nerve palsies (III-XII)
4. Coma

Question 16

State of preserved consciousness but with quadreplegia following pontine hemorrhage?

Answer 16

Locked-in State

Question 17

Symptom invariably present in viral meningitis?

Answer 17

Headache

Question 18

Pathognomonic sign of meningeal irritation?

Answer 18

Nuchal rigidity ( Stiff neck)

Question 19

Signs and Symptoms in Meningitis?

Answer 19

1. Kernigs : pain in knee extension
2. Brudzinskis : reflexive flexion of the knees and hips following passive neck flexion
3. Jolt accentuation maneuver : rotating head horizontally 2-3x / sec ; (+) headache worse

Question 20

Sign seen in meningitis that is elicited by passive flexion of the patient’s neck while supine results in spontaneous flexion pf knees and hips

Answer 20

Brudzinkis sign

Question 21

Maneuver that assess meningeal irritation that is positive if the headache is exacerbated by rotating the head horizontally 2-3 times per second

Answer 21

Jolt accentuation

Question 22

Most common seizure type resulting from metabolic derangements?

Answer 22

Generalized tonic-clonic seizure

Question 23

Involuntary behaviors, such as chewing, lip smacking, or picking movements of the hand, during seizure, which is typically followed by confusion or awareness?

Answer 23

Automatisms

Question 24

Localized paresis for minutes to hrs in the involved region following seizure?

Answer 24

Todds paralysis

Question 25

Continuous seizure or repetitive, discrete seizures without regaining consciousness in the interictal period?

Answer 25

Status epilepticus

Question 26

Initial drug of choice for status epilepticus?

Answer 26

IV Benzodiazepine

Question 27

Most common primary cancer that cause brain metastasis?

Answer 27

Lung cancer

Question 28

Most common type of hallucinations in psychotic patients?

Answer 28

Auditory hallucinations

Question 29

Duration of symptoms for diagnosis of major depressive disorder?

Answer 29

2 weeks

Question 30

Major requirement in the diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder?

Answer 30

Depressed mood or characterized by loss of pleasure or interest

Question 31

Pathology of Wernicke-Korsakoff Psychosis?

Answer 31

Damage in Thalamus
( Hemorrhage and Necrosis in the Mamillary Body)