Pulmonology

Question 1

Minimum duration of productive cough in acute bronchitis?

Answer 1

At least 3 months in each 2 consecutive years

Question 2

Prevention of oral thrush in patients on inhaled corticosteroids

Answer 2

Rinse mouth with water immediately after using inhaler

Question 3

Long term inhaled steroids increase risk for?

Answer 3

Pneumonia

Question 4

Auscultation of the sound “AH” instead of the EEE when a patient phonates EEE

Answer 4

Egophony

Question 5

Distance accomplished in the walk distant test in patients with chronic lung problems. Associated with fair to good prognosis?

Answer 5

240m

Question 6

FiO2 at 1lpm O2 by nasal cannula

Answer 6

0.24

Question 7

3 most common symptoms in COPD

Answer 7

1. Cough
2. Sputum production
3. Exertional dyspnea

Question 8

3 most common symptoms in COPD

Answer 8

1. Cough
2. Sputum production
3. Exertional dyspnea

Question 9

Newly developed clubbing of the digits (not a sign of COPD) should alert an investigation for?

Answer 9

Lung Cancer

Question 10

COPD patients who are thin and noncyanotic at rest , with prominent use of accessory muscles are traditionally thought to have predominantly?

Answer 10

Predominantly Emphysema (Pink Puffers)

Question 11

Paradoxical inward movement of the rib cage with inspiration as a result of chronic hyperinflation in COPD?

Answer 11

Hoover’s Sign

Question 12

Primary treatment of COPD patients for symptomatic benefit and reduction of exacerbations

Answer 12

Bronchodilators ( Bata agonists and Muscarinic antagonist)

Question 13

Only intervention that improve survival in COPD patients (3)

Answer 13

1. Smoking Cessation
2. Oxygen therapy
3. Lung volume reduction surgery

Question 14

Only pharmacologic therapy demonstrated unequivocally decrease mortality rates (COPD)

Answer 14

Supplemental O2

Question 15

Strong predictor of future COPD exacerbations?

Answer 15

History of prior exacerbations

Question 16

Asthma and COPD are variations of the same basic disease?

Answer 16

Dutch hypothesis

Question 17

Asthma (allergic phenomenon) and COPD (smoking related inflammation & damage) are fundamentally different disease.

Answer 17

British hypothesis

Question 18

Major risk factor for the development of asthma?

Answer 18

Atopy

Question 19

Most common allergens to trigger asthma?

Answer 19

Dermatophagoides species (House dust Mites)

Question 20

Most common triggers of acite severe exacerbations in asthma?

Answer 20

Upper Respiratory Tract Viral Infections (eg. rhinovirus and RSV)

Question 21

Reversibility criteria in the diagnosis of asthma?

Answer 21

> 12% and 200ml increase in FEV1
(15 min after albuterol or 2-4 weeks after steroid trial)

Question 22

Most effective controllers in the management of asthma ?

Answer 22

Inhaled corticosteroids

Question 23

Most common cause of community acquired pneumonia?

Answer 23

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 24

Lesions forming after initial tuberculosis infection which may be visible on chest x-ray.

Answer 24

Ghon focus

Question 25

First line diagnostic test in all patients with symptoms of active TB?

Answer 25

Xpert MTB / RIF Assay

Question 26

Test used to diagnose latent tb infection?

Answer 26

TST - Tuberculin Skin Test
IGRA- INF-y Release Assay

Question 27

FEV1/ FVC ratio in restrictive lung disease ?

Answer 27

Normal to decreased

Question 28

Most common interstitial lung disease ?

Answer 28

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Question 29

Strongest risk factor for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis?

Answer 29

Close Relative with IPF