Gastroenterology

Question 1

Diarrhea associated with bowel movement of 6 or more per day?

Answer 1

Secretory diarrhea

Question 2

Diarrhea associated with inhibition of absorption in the gut?

Answer 2

Osmotic diarrhea

Question 3

Diarrhea caused by ingestion of excessive sugar or salt?

Answer 3

Osmotic diarrhea

Question 4

Type of diarrhea due to cholera?

Answer 4

Secretory Diarrhea

Question 5

Ion lost most significantly in cholera diarrhea?

Answer 5

Sodium

Question 6

Intestinal fluid secreted in cholera?

Answer 6

Isotonic

Question 7

Serum amylase vs Lipase in acute pancreatitis?

Answer 7

LIPASE: is more sensitive to pancreas and remains elevated longer. Serum lipase rises 3-6hrs from onset of pancreatitis, Have no role in assessing disease severity.

Question 8

Normal serum Amylase in acute or chronic pancreatitis?

Answer 8

Suppression of pancreatic zymogens or proenzymes

Question 9

Falsely elevated serum amylase caused by?

Answer 9

1. Salivary gland disease
2. Bowel obstruction
3. Infarction
4. Perforated ulcer

Question 10

Most common cause of UGIB?

Answer 10

Peptic ulcer disease

Question 11

Most common cause of peptic ulcer disease? (2)

Answer 11

1. H.pylori infection
2. NSAID injury

Question 12

Most common complication of peptic ulcer disease?

Answer 12

GI bleeding

Question 13

Test for detecting H. Pylori? (4)

Answer 13

1. Urea breath test
2. Serum antibody measurement
3. Stool antigen
4. Urease activity detection

Question 14

Second most common cause of UGIB classically seen in alcoholic patients presenting with vomiting, retching or coughing preceding hematemesis?

Answer 14

Mallory Weiss Tears

Question 15

Drug of choice given to px with PUD presenting as UGIB?

Answer 15

PPI Omeprazole

Question 16

DOC for long term tx of esophageal varices?

Answer 16

Non-selective B blocker

Question 17

Imaging diagnostic modality recommended for suspected patients with acute pancreatitis?

Answer 17

Abdominal ultrasound

Question 18

Level of Ca expected seen in acute pancreatitis?

Answer 18

Hypocalcemia

Question 19

Most common cause of acute pancreatitis?

Answer 19

Gallstones, followed by Alcohol

Question 20

Blue red purple or green to brown discoloration of the flanks due to tissue catabolism of hgb in severe necrotizing pancreatitis?

Answer 20

Turners sign

Question 21

Blue discoloration of the umbilicus from hemoperitoneum?

Answer 21

Cullens sign

Question 22

Most common organism in pancreatic infection?

Answer 22

Gram negative bacteria of intestinal origin

Question 23

Most common location in pancreatitis pseudocyst?

Answer 23

Pancreatic body or tail only 15% in the head.

Question 24

Usual CC presentation of pseudocyst?

Answer 24

Abdominal pain

Question 25

Usual cause of death from pancreatic pseudocyst?

Answer 25

Rupture & Hemorrhage of Pseudocyst

Question 26

Inspiratory arrest during deep inspiration or cough while there is subcostal palpation of RUQ

Answer 26

Murphys sign

Question 27

Positive and Negative predictive value of positive Murphys sign?

Answer 27

0.7

Question 28

An AST:ALT ratio >3:1 is highly suggestive of what disease?

Answer 28

Alcoholic liver disease

Question 29

Initial drug of choice for ascites due to cirrhosis?

Answer 29

Spironolactone

Question 30

Treatment for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?

Answer 30

Third gen cephalosporins eg. Cefotaxime

Question 31

3 primary complications of portal hypertension?

Answer 31

1. Gastrointestinal varices with hemorrhage 2. Ascites 3. Hypersplenism

Question 32

Period wherein the gap of several weeks between the disappearance of HBsAg and the appearance of ant-HBS

Answer 32

Window period

Question 33

First virologic marker detectable after infection with Hep B virus?

Answer 33

HBsAg

Question 34

Suggested to be the protective antibody in a Hepatitis B infection?

Answer 34

Anti-HBs

Question 35

Only marker that is positive during the window period of Hep B infection?

Answer 35

IgM anti-HBc

Question 36

This duration (months), the predominant class of anti-HBc is of the IgG type rather than IgM

Answer 36

6 months