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Internal Medicine > Gastroenterology > Flashcards

Gastroenterology Flashcards

1
Q

Diarrhea associated with bowel movement of 6 or more per day?

A

Secretory diarrhea

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2
Q

Diarrhea associated with inhibition of absorption in the gut?

A

Osmotic diarrhea

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3
Q

Diarrhea caused by ingestion of excessive sugar or salt?

A

Osmotic diarrhea

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4
Q

Type of diarrhea due to cholera?

A

Secretory Diarrhea

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5
Q

Ion lost most significantly in cholera diarrhea?

A

Sodium

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6
Q

Intestinal fluid secreted in cholera?

A

Isotonic

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7
Q

Serum amylase vs Lipase in acute pancreatitis?

A

LIPASE: is more sensitive to pancreas and remains elevated longer. Serum lipase rises 3-6hrs from onset of pancreatitis, Have no role in assessing disease severity.

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8
Q

Normal serum Amylase in acute or chronic pancreatitis?

A

Suppression of pancreatic zymogens or proenzymes

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9
Q

Falsely elevated serum amylase caused by?

A
  1. Salivary gland disease
  2. Bowel obstruction
  3. Infarction
  4. Perforated ulcer
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10
Q

Most common cause of UGIB?

A

Peptic ulcer disease

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11
Q

Most common cause of peptic ulcer disease? (2)

A
  1. H.pylori infection
  2. NSAID injury
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12
Q

Most common complication of peptic ulcer disease?

A

GI bleeding

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13
Q

Test for detecting H. Pylori? (4)

A
  1. Urea breath test
  2. Serum antibody measurement
  3. Stool antigen
  4. Urease activity detection
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14
Q

Second most common cause of UGIB classically seen in alcoholic patients presenting with vomiting, retching or coughing preceding hematemesis?

A

Mallory Weiss Tears

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15
Q

Drug of choice given to px with PUD presenting as UGIB?

A

PPI Omeprazole

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16
Q

DOC for long term tx of esophageal varices?

A

Non-selective B blocker

17
Q

Imaging diagnostic modality recommended for suspected patients with acute pancreatitis?

A

Abdominal ultrasound

18
Q

Level of Ca expected seen in acute pancreatitis?

A

Hypocalcemia

19
Q

Most common cause of acute pancreatitis?

A

Gallstones, followed by Alcohol

20
Q

Blue red purple or green to brown discoloration of the flanks due to tissue catabolism of hgb in severe necrotizing pancreatitis?

A

Turners sign

21
Q

Blue discoloration of the umbilicus from hemoperitoneum?

A

Cullens sign

22
Q

Most common organism in pancreatic infection?

A

Gram negative bacteria of intestinal origin

23
Q

Most common location in pancreatitis pseudocyst?

A

Pancreatic body or tail only 15% in the head.

24
Q

Usual CC presentation of pseudocyst?

A

Abdominal pain

25
Q

Usual cause of death from pancreatic pseudocyst?

A

Rupture & Hemorrhage of Pseudocyst

26
Q

Inspiratory arrest during deep inspiration or cough while there is subcostal palpation of RUQ

A

Murphys sign

27
Q

Positive and Negative predictive value of positive Murphys sign?

A

0.7

28
Q

An AST:ALT ratio >3:1 is highly suggestive of what disease?

A

Alcoholic liver disease

29
Q

Initial drug of choice for ascites due to cirrhosis?

A

Spironolactone

30
Q

Treatment for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?

A

Third gen cephalosporins eg. Cefotaxime

31
Q

3 primary complications of portal hypertension?

A
  1. Gastrointestinal varices with hemorrhage
  2. Ascites
  3. Hypersplenism
32
Q

Period wherein the gap of several weeks between the disappearance of HBsAg and the appearance of ant-HBS

A

Window period

33
Q

First virologic marker detectable after infection with Hep B virus?

A

HBsAg

34
Q

Suggested to be the protective antibody in a Hepatitis B infection?

A

Anti-HBs

35
Q

Only marker that is positive during the window period of Hep B infection?

A

IgM anti-HBc

36
Q

This duration (months), the predominant class of anti-HBc is of the IgG type rather than IgM

A

6 months

Internal Medicine (12 decks)

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