Rheumatology Flashcards
What is pannus?
synovial membrane-derived granulation tissue that overgrows and destroys joint cartilage
What type of exercises should be used for acutely inflammed joints?
isometric
Deformity of hand and wrist seen in RA?
radial deviation of the wrist, ulnar deviation of the fingers
What type of arthritis is seen in lupus?
non-erosive
Two drugs used in prevention of gout that decrease uric acid production?
allopurinol and febuxostat
first choice treatment for acute gout attack?
indomethacin
most common cause of septic arthrits in children?
staph aureus
most common cause of septic arthritis in adults?
neisseria gonorrhea
What causes ocular inflammation in an RF+ patient?
Sjogrn Syndrome
synovial fluid WBC count in RA?
1,000 - 75,000
What percent of RA patients are RF (+)?
75%
What disease can be confused with early RA?
de Quervain’s tenosynovitis
What size A-A space is considered abnormal?
> 2.5 mm
What is the most common type of A-A joint subluxation?
anterior
Besides RA, what other disease presents with subcutaneous nodules?
Gout
What can cause chest pain in RA patients?
Pericarditis
What presents with RA, leukopenia, and an enlarged spleen?
Felty’s Syndrome
What ligament is involved with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH)?
ALL
Are erosive changes seen on x-ray in osteoarthritis?
No, but they are in RA.
most common joint involved in oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis?
knee
referral to what specialty is mandatory with diagnosis of oligoarticular JIA?
Ophthalmology for evaluation of iridocyclitis
labs normally positive in oligoarticular JIA?
ANA, HLA-B27
Joint most commonly involved with pseudogout?
knee
With pseudogout, what types of labs should be ordered due to association with other diseases?
- thyroid (hypothyroid, hyperparathyroid)
- iron (hemochromatosis)
- Mg (hypomagnesmia)
- Phosphate (hypophosphatemia)
What types of diuretics can provoke gout?
thiazides, loop
Three treatments that can be used for acute gout or pseudogout?
NSAIDs, Corticosteroids, Colchicine
What develops in 75% of patients who have long-term ankylosing spondylitis ( >16 years)?
cervical ankylosis
What causes the finding of “bamboo spine” in ankylosis spondylitis?
ossification of the annulus fibrosis with bridging syndesmophytes
Test used to detect limitation of forward flexion in ankylosis spondylitis?
Schober’s ( < 5mm increase in distance with flexion is positive)
How should someone with ankylosis spondylitis sleep?
prone on a firm matteress
What is the triad of reactive arthritis?
conjunctivitis, nongonoccal urethritis, arthritis
Up to 10% of reactive arthritis patients can progress to what disease entity?
ankylosis spondylitis
X-ray findng in reactive arthritis?
erosion at insertion of achilles tendon and plantar fascia
Joints affected by enteropathic arthropathy?
knees, ankles, feet
disease associated with psoriatic arthritis
HIV
pharmacologic treatment for Raynaud’s phenomenon?
calcium channel blockers (nifedipine)
What is type III dermatomyositis/polymyositis associated with?
malignancy
What type of dermatomyositis/polymyositis is associated with children and severe joint contractures?
IV
Up to 16% of patient’s with polymyalgia rheumatica go on to develop what serious condition?
temporal arteritis
most common cause of septic arthritis in children 6 months to 2 years old?
Haemophilus influenza
cause of diabetes, cirrhosis, and progressive arthritis in the hands?
hemochromatosis
cause of arthritis in hemophilia?
hemosiderin from remaining blood deposits in the synovial lining and causes pannus formation
Cause of charcot joint of the shoulder?
syringomyelia
most common cause of hip pain in children?
acute transient synovitis
what is Dupytren’s contracture?
fibrous hyperplasia of the palmar fascia causing contracture of MCP and PIP joints
