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ANATOMY - LL Flashcards

1
Q

Iliopsoas Inervation

A

FERMORAL NERVE (ILIACUS) & DIRECT BRANCHES FROM THE LUMBAR PLEXUS (L1-L3

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2
Q

Iliopsoas origin and insertion

A

ORIGIN
PSOAS MAJOR: VERTEBAL BODIES AND COSTAL PROCESSES OF L1-L5

ILIACUS: ILIAC FOSSA

Insertion
LESSER TROCHANTER OF THE FEMUS

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3
Q

Iliospoas action

A

Flexion of thigh at hip joint
External rotation of thigh
ALSO:
- trunk flexion and lateral bending

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4
Q

Gluteus Maximus innervation

A

inferior gluteal nerve

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5
Q

Gluteal maximus Origin and insertion

A

Origin: lateral sacrum, posterior gluteal surface and thoracolumbar fascia

Insertion
- ITT and gluteal tuberosity (on femur)

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6
Q

MOA Gluteal maximus

A

hip extensor and external rotation of the hip

Note:
Upper fibers: ABDUCt
Lower fibres: ADDUCT

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7
Q

Gluteus medius innervation

A

superior gluteal nerve

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8
Q

Gluteus medius MOA

A

Abduction
Internal rotation

Anterior part - flexion
Posterior part - Extension and External rotation

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9
Q

Gluteus medius Origin and insertion

A

Origin - gluteal surface of the ilium
Insertion
lateral surface of great trochanter

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10
Q

gluteus minimus O and I

A

Origin: gluteal surface of ilium
Inserts: anterolateral surface of greater trochanter

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11
Q

gluteus minimus innervation

A

superior gluteal nerve

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12
Q

MOA gluteus minimus

A

ABDUCTIOn and internally rotation

anterior part - flexion
posterior [art- extension and external rotation

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13
Q

TENSOR FACIA LATA innervation

A

Superior gluteal nerve

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14
Q

TFL origin and insertion

A

Origin - ASIS
Inserts - iliotibial tract

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15
Q

Action of TFL

A

Hip ABDUCTION
Hip Flexion
Hip internal rotation

FIA

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16
Q

Quadriceps femoris origin

A

Rectus femoris: AIIS

Vests lateralis : LATERAL GREATER TROCHANTER, LATERAL TO LINEA ASPERA

Vests intermedialis: ANTERIOR 2/3RDS SHAFT OF FEMUR

Vestus medalis: DISTAL INTERTROCHANTERIC LINE, MEDIAL TO LINEA ASPERA

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17
Q

Quadriceps origin

A

patella and tibial tuberosity

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18
Q

Quadriceps innervation

A

femoral nerve

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19
Q

Quadriceps action

A

HIP flexion
Knee extension

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20
Q

Sartorius O and I

A

Origin: ASIS
Innervation: medial to tibial tuberosity ( with the gracilis and semitendinosus - res anserinus )

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21
Q

Sartorius innervation

A

femoral nerve ( l2,3,4)

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22
Q

Sartorius action

A

Hip flexion, ABduction, ER
(FABER)

Knee flexion and internal rotation
(FIR)

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23
Q

Gracillus innervation

A

Obturator nerve L2-4

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24
Q

Gracillus Origin and insertion

A

origin: Inferior pubic ramus
Insertion
Medial : tibial tuberosity - with the satoris and semitendinosus 0 res anserinus “goose foot”

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25
Q

action of gracillus

A

adduction and hip flexion

knee flexion and internal rotation

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26
Q

Pectineus O and I

A

O: pecten pubis
I: pectineal line and proximal lines aspera

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27
Q

Pectineus innervation

A

Femoral

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28
Q

Pecineus action

A

hip adduction and external rotation (minor flexor)

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29
Q

Adductor longus inervation

A

obturator nerve L2-4

30
Q

Adductor longus O and I

A

origin: superior pubic ramus
Insertion: linear aspect 1/3 of femur

31
Q

adductor longus action

A

adduction
flexion to 70 degrees

32
Q

adductor brevis innervation

A

obturator nerve L2-4

33
Q

adductor brevis MOA

A
  1. adduction
  2. flexion to 70 degree
34
Q

adductor brevis o and I

A

o: inferior pubic ramus
i: linea aspera - upper 1/3 of femur

35
Q

adductor brevis action

A

hip adduction and flexion to 70 degree

36
Q

Adductor magnus

A

DEEP PART: OBTURATOR NERVE: L2-L4

SUPERFICIAL PART: TIBIAL NERVE (L4)

37
Q

adductor magnus I and O

A

i: inferior pubic ramus , ischial ramus and ischial tuberosity
O:
deep part: medial lip of lines aspera
Superficial part: adductor tubercle of femur

38
Q

adductor magnus action

A

hip adduction
extension

TENDINOUS INSERTION ACTS AS INTERNAL ROTATOR.

39
Q

obturator externus origin and insertion

A

O: outer surface of the obturator membrane

I: throchancteric fossa of the femur

40
Q

obturator externes innervation

A

obturator nerve L3,4

41
Q

obturator externes action

A

hip adduction
external rotation

42
Q

obturator internus innervation

A

qdeep branch from L5 - S1

43
Q

obturator internus O and I

A

O: inner surface of the obturator membrane
I: medial surface of greater trochanter

44
Q

obturator internus ACTION

A

external rotation
adduction and extension of the hip

45
Q

Gemelli O and I

A

O:
superior - ischial spine
inferior - ischial tuberosity

I
- medial surface of greater trochanter

46
Q

Gemelli action

A

external rotation
adduction
extension of hip

47
Q

Gemelli innervation

A

direct branches from L5, S1

48
Q

Quadratus femoris innervation

A

direct branches from L5, S1

49
Q

Quadratus femoris action

A

external rotation
adduction of the hip

50
Q

Quadrates femoris O and I

A

O:
- lateral boarder of ischial tuberosity

i:
- intertrochanteric chest of femur

51
Q

piriformis O and I

A

O: pelvis surface of sacrum

I: greater trochanter

52
Q

piriformis innervation

A

direct branches from S1 and s2

53
Q

priformis action

A

eternal rotation
adduction
extension of hip

54
Q

semimembranosus O and I

A

O: ischial tuberosity
I: medial tibial condyle and oblique popliteal ligament

55
Q

semimembranosus innervation

A

tibial nerve L5-S2

56
Q

semimembranosus action

A

extension of hip
adduction of hip

flexion of knee
internal rotation of knee

57
Q

semitendinosus O and I

A

O - ischial tuberosity and sacrotuberous ligament (common tendon with long head of biceps femurs)

I: medial tibial tuberosity in pes anserinus (w/ gracilis and sartorius )

58
Q

semitendinosus action

A

hip: adduction and extension

knee: internal rotation and flexion

59
Q

semitendinosus innervation

A

tibial nerve L5- S2

60
Q

Biceps femoris O and I

A

o:
LONG HEAD – ISCHIAL TUBEROSITY, SACROTUBEROUS LIGAMENT (COMMON TENDON WITH SEMITENDINOSUS)

SHORT HEAD – LINEA ASPERA IN MIDDLE 1/3 OF FEMUR

Insertion:
head of fibula

61
Q

Biceps femoris innervation

A

Long head: tibial nerve

Short head: common fibular nerve

62
Q

Biceps femoris action

A

Hip: adduction , extension

knee: flexion , EXTERNAL rotation

63
Q

Muscular Anatomy: Hip Flexors

A

RIPS AL

Rectus femoris (innervated by femoral nerve)
Iliopsoas (innervated by spinal nerves and femoral nerve)
Pectineus (innervated by femoral nerve)
Sartorius (innervated by femoral nerve)
Adductor longus

PLUS
Adducts brevis, adductor longus
Gracilis

TFL
Anterior part of GMedius and G minims

64
Q

HIP EXTENSORS

A

BAGSS PO

Biceps femoris (long head is innervated by tibial nerve, and short head is innervated by common fibular)

Adductor magnus (innervated by tibial nerve and obturator nerve)

Gluteus maximus (innervated by inferior gluteal nerve)

Semitendinosus (innervated by tibial nerve)

Semimembranosus (innervated by tibial nerve)

Others:
Piriformis – Direct branches from L5-S2
Obturator Internus – Direct branches from L5, S1

65
Q

ADDUCTORS of hip

A

GAMBL P

Gracilis (innervated by obturator nerve)
Adductor Magnus (innervated by obturator nerve and tibial nerve, because it has an adductor [obt n.] and a hamstring part [tib n.])
Adductor Brevis (innervated by obturator nerve)
Adductor Longus (innervated by obturator nerve)
Pectineus (innervated by obturator nerve)

Other:
Biceps Femoris (Long head) – Tibial Nerve – L5-S2
Quadratus Femoris – Direct branches from plexus – L5, S1
Obturator Internus – Direct branches from plexus – L5, S1
Obturator Externus – Obturator Nerve – L3, L4

66
Q

ABDUCTION

A

Got Probed There Son

Gluteus medius and minimus (innervated by superior gluteal nerve)

Piriformis (innervated by lumbosacral plexus, i.e., branch that is too small to have a name)

Tensor fascia latae (innervated by superior gluteal nerve)

Sartorius - femoral nerve L2,3

67
Q

Internal rotation

A

GIT

Gluteus Medius (Anterior Part) – Superior Gluteal Nerve – L4-S1
Gluteus Minimus (Anterior Part) – Superior Gluteal Nerve – L4-S1

Tensor Fascia Latae – Superior Gluteal Nerve – L4-S1

Adductor Magnus (Tendinus insertion) – Tibial Nerve – L4

Iliacus ( femoral nerve )

68
Q

External rotation

A

Quacky Princess Sits Only On Silk

Gluteus Maximus – Inferior Gluteal Nerve – L5-S2
Obturator Internus – Direct branches from plexus – L5, S1
Quadratus Femoris – Direct branches from plexus – L5, S1
Obturator Externus – Obturator Nerve – L3, L4
Gluteus Medius/Minimus (posterior parts) – Superior Gluteal Nerve – L4-S1
Adductor Magnus – Obturator/Tibial Nerve – L2-L4
Adductor Longus – Obturator Nerve – L2-L4
Adductor Brevis – Obturator Nerve – L2-L4
Pectineus – Femoral/Obturator Nerve – L2, L3
Sartorius – Femoral Nerve – L2, L3
Iliopsoas – Direct branches from plexus – L1-L3

69
Q

Name 9 bursae surrounding greater trochanter

A

Sub gluteus maximus, medius, minimus bursae
? Bursae to the Piriformis , Obturator Internus/Externus, Quadratus femoris, Superior and Inferior gemellis

Difficult to find resources for this question

70
Q

Which tendons insert on the greater trochanter

A

Think of weals on a clock
12: Glut Medius
2: Glut Minimus
Glut Maximus
Vastus Lateralis
7: Quadrates Femoris
9: Conjoint tendon ( gemelli & obturator internus )
11: Piriformis

71
Q

Connection to pes anserinus
refers to the conjoined tendons of three muscles that insert onto the anteromedial (front and inside) surface of the proximal extremity of the tibia)

A

SGT FOS (connections to pes anserinus)
Sartorius (Femoral nerve)
Gracilis (Obturator nerve)
SemiTendinosus (Sciatic nerve)

72
Q

RISK FACTORS FOR FALL

A

Risk factors for falls include
Weakness
Balance disorders
Visual impairments
Dementia

PM&R (78 decks)

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