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ANATOMY - LL Flashcards

1
Q

Iliopsoas Inervation

A

FERMORAL NERVE (ILIACUS) & DIRECT BRANCHES FROM THE LUMBAR PLEXUS (L1-L3

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2
Q

Iliopsoas origin and insertion

A

ORIGIN
PSOAS MAJOR: VERTEBAL BODIES AND COSTAL PROCESSES OF L1-L5

ILIACUS: ILIAC FOSSA

Insertion
LESSER TROCHANTER OF THE FEMUS

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3
Q

Iliospoas action

A

Flexion of thigh at hip joint
External rotation of thigh
ALSO:
- trunk flexion and lateral bending

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4
Q

Gluteus Maximus innervation

A

inferior gluteal nerve

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5
Q

Gluteal maximus Origin and insertion

A

Origin: lateral sacrum, posterior gluteal surface and thoracolumbar fascia

Insertion
- ITT and gluteal tuberosity (on femur)

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6
Q

MOA Gluteal maximus

A

hip extensor and external rotation of the hip

Note:
Upper fibers: ABDUCt
Lower fibres: ADDUCT

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7
Q

Gluteus medius innervation

A

superior gluteal nerve

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8
Q

Gluteus medius MOA

A

Abduction
Internal rotation

Anterior part - flexion
Posterior part - Extension and External rotation

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9
Q

Gluteus medius Origin and insertion

A

Origin - gluteal surface of the ilium
Insertion
lateral surface of great trochanter

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10
Q

gluteus minimus O and I

A

Origin: gluteal surface of ilium
Inserts: anterolateral surface of greater trochanter

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11
Q

gluteus minimus innervation

A

superior gluteal nerve

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12
Q

MOA gluteus minimus

A

ABDUCTIOn and internally rotation

anterior part - flexion
posterior [art- extension and external rotation

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13
Q

TENSOR FACIA LATA innervation

A

Superior gluteal nerve

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14
Q

TFL origin and insertion

A

Origin - ASIS
Inserts - iliotibial tract

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15
Q

Action of TFL

A

Hip ABDUCTION
Hip Flexion
Hip internal rotation

FIA

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16
Q

Quadriceps femoris origin

A

Rectus femoris: AIIS

Vests lateralis : LATERAL GREATER TROCHANTER, LATERAL TO LINEA ASPERA

Vests intermedialis: ANTERIOR 2/3RDS SHAFT OF FEMUR

Vestus medalis: DISTAL INTERTROCHANTERIC LINE, MEDIAL TO LINEA ASPERA

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17
Q

Quadriceps origin

A

patella and tibial tuberosity

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18
Q

Quadriceps innervation

A

femoral nerve

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19
Q

Quadriceps action

A

HIP flexion
Knee extension

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20
Q

Sartorius O and I

A

Origin: ASIS
Innervation: medial to tibial tuberosity ( with the gracilis and semitendinosus - res anserinus )

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21
Q

Sartorius innervation

A

femoral nerve ( l2,3,4)

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22
Q

Sartorius action

A

Hip flexion, ABduction, ER
(FABER)

Knee flexion and internal rotation
(FIR)

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23
Q

Gracillus innervation

A

Obturator nerve L2-4

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24
Q

Gracillus Origin and insertion

A

origin: Inferior pubic ramus
Insertion
Medial : tibial tuberosity - with the satoris and semitendinosus 0 res anserinus “goose foot”

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25
action of gracillus
adduction and hip flexion knee flexion and internal rotation
26
Pectineus O and I
O: pecten pubis I: pectineal line and proximal lines aspera
27
Pectineus innervation
Femoral
28
Pecineus action
hip adduction and external rotation (minor flexor)
29
Adductor longus inervation
obturator nerve L2-4
30
Adductor longus O and I
origin: superior pubic ramus Insertion: linear aspect 1/3 of femur
31
adductor longus action
adduction flexion to 70 degrees
32
adductor brevis innervation
obturator nerve L2-4
33
adductor brevis MOA
1. adduction 2. flexion to 70 degree
34
adductor brevis o and I
o: inferior pubic ramus i: linea aspera - upper 1/3 of femur
35
adductor brevis action
hip adduction and flexion to 70 degree
36
Adductor magnus
DEEP PART: OBTURATOR NERVE: L2-L4 SUPERFICIAL PART: TIBIAL NERVE (L4)
37
adductor magnus I and O
i: inferior pubic ramus , ischial ramus and ischial tuberosity O: deep part: medial lip of lines aspera Superficial part: adductor tubercle of femur
38
adductor magnus action
hip adduction extension TENDINOUS INSERTION ACTS AS INTERNAL ROTATOR.
39
obturator externus origin and insertion
O: outer surface of the obturator membrane I: throchancteric fossa of the femur
40
obturator externes innervation
obturator nerve L3,4
41
obturator externes action
hip adduction external rotation
42
obturator internus innervation
qdeep branch from L5 - S1
43
obturator internus O and I
O: inner surface of the obturator membrane I: medial surface of greater trochanter
44
obturator internus ACTION
external rotation adduction and extension of the hip
45
Gemelli O and I
O: superior - ischial spine inferior - ischial tuberosity I - medial surface of greater trochanter
46
Gemelli action
external rotation adduction extension of hip
47
Gemelli innervation
direct branches from L5, S1
48
Quadratus femoris innervation
direct branches from L5, S1
49
Quadratus femoris action
external rotation adduction of the hip
50
Quadrates femoris O and I
O: - lateral boarder of ischial tuberosity i: - intertrochanteric chest of femur
51
piriformis O and I
O: pelvis surface of sacrum I: greater trochanter
52
piriformis innervation
direct branches from S1 and s2
53
priformis action
eternal rotation adduction extension of hip
54
semimembranosus O and I
O: ischial tuberosity I: medial tibial condyle and oblique popliteal ligament
55
semimembranosus innervation
tibial nerve L5-S2
56
semimembranosus action
extension of hip adduction of hip flexion of knee internal rotation of knee
57
semitendinosus O and I
O - ischial tuberosity and sacrotuberous ligament (common tendon with long head of biceps femurs) I: medial tibial tuberosity in pes anserinus (w/ gracilis and sartorius )
58
semitendinosus action
hip: adduction and extension knee: internal rotation and flexion
59
semitendinosus innervation
tibial nerve L5- S2
60
Biceps femoris O and I
o: LONG HEAD – ISCHIAL TUBEROSITY, SACROTUBEROUS LIGAMENT (COMMON TENDON WITH SEMITENDINOSUS) SHORT HEAD – LINEA ASPERA IN MIDDLE 1/3 OF FEMUR Insertion: head of fibula
61
Biceps femoris innervation
Long head: tibial nerve Short head: common fibular nerve
62
Biceps femoris action
Hip: adduction , extension knee: flexion , EXTERNAL rotation
63
Muscular Anatomy: Hip Flexors
RIPS AL Rectus femoris (innervated by femoral nerve) Iliopsoas (innervated by spinal nerves and femoral nerve) Pectineus (innervated by femoral nerve) Sartorius (innervated by femoral nerve) Adductor longus PLUS Adducts brevis, adductor longus Gracilis TFL Anterior part of GMedius and G minims
64
HIP EXTENSORS
BAGSS PO Biceps femoris (long head is innervated by tibial nerve, and short head is innervated by common fibular) Adductor magnus (innervated by tibial nerve and obturator nerve) Gluteus maximus (innervated by inferior gluteal nerve) Semitendinosus (innervated by tibial nerve) Semimembranosus (innervated by tibial nerve) Others: Piriformis – Direct branches from L5-S2 Obturator Internus – Direct branches from L5, S1
65
ADDUCTORS of hip
GAMBL P Gracilis (innervated by obturator nerve) Adductor Magnus (innervated by obturator nerve and tibial nerve, because it has an adductor [obt n.] and a hamstring part [tib n.]) Adductor Brevis (innervated by obturator nerve) Adductor Longus (innervated by obturator nerve) Pectineus (innervated by obturator nerve) Other: Biceps Femoris (Long head) – Tibial Nerve – L5-S2 Quadratus Femoris – Direct branches from plexus – L5, S1 Obturator Internus – Direct branches from plexus – L5, S1 Obturator Externus – Obturator Nerve – L3, L4
66
ABDUCTION
Got Probed There Son Gluteus medius and minimus (innervated by superior gluteal nerve) Piriformis (innervated by lumbosacral plexus, i.e., branch that is too small to have a name) Tensor fascia latae (innervated by superior gluteal nerve) Sartorius - femoral nerve L2,3
67
Internal rotation
GIT Gluteus Medius (Anterior Part) – Superior Gluteal Nerve – L4-S1 Gluteus Minimus (Anterior Part) – Superior Gluteal Nerve – L4-S1 Tensor Fascia Latae – Superior Gluteal Nerve – L4-S1 Adductor Magnus (Tendinus insertion) – Tibial Nerve – L4 Iliacus ( femoral nerve )
68
External rotation
Quacky Princess Sits Only On Silk Gluteus Maximus – Inferior Gluteal Nerve – L5-S2 Obturator Internus – Direct branches from plexus – L5, S1 Quadratus Femoris – Direct branches from plexus – L5, S1 Obturator Externus – Obturator Nerve – L3, L4 Gluteus Medius/Minimus (posterior parts) – Superior Gluteal Nerve – L4-S1 Adductor Magnus – Obturator/Tibial Nerve – L2-L4 Adductor Longus – Obturator Nerve – L2-L4 Adductor Brevis – Obturator Nerve – L2-L4 Pectineus – Femoral/Obturator Nerve – L2, L3 Sartorius – Femoral Nerve – L2, L3 Iliopsoas – Direct branches from plexus – L1-L3
69
Name 9 bursae surrounding greater trochanter
Sub gluteus maximus, medius, minimus bursae ? Bursae to the Piriformis , Obturator Internus/Externus, Quadratus femoris, Superior and Inferior gemellis Difficult to find resources for this question
70
Which tendons insert on the greater trochanter
Think of weals on a clock 12: Glut Medius 2: Glut Minimus Glut Maximus Vastus Lateralis 7: Quadrates Femoris 9: Conjoint tendon ( gemelli & obturator internus ) 11: Piriformis
71
Connection to pes anserinus refers to the conjoined tendons of three muscles that insert onto the anteromedial (front and inside) surface of the proximal extremity of the tibia)
SGT FOS (connections to pes anserinus) Sartorius (Femoral nerve) Gracilis (Obturator nerve) SemiTendinosus (Sciatic nerve)
72
RISK FACTORS FOR FALL
Risk factors for falls include Weakness Balance disorders Visual impairments Dementia

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