Rh Blood Group Flashcards
R1
D, C, e
42% white
17% white
R2
D, c, E
14% white
11% black
R0
D, c, e
4% white
44% black
Rz
D, C, E
Rare white and black
r
c, e
37% white, 26% black
r’
C, e
2% white and black
r”
c, E
1% white
Rare black
ry
C, E
Rare black and white
Rh1
D
85% white
92% black
Rh2
C
68% white
27% black
Rh3
E
29% white
22% black
Rh4
c
80% white
96% black
Rh5
e
98% both
Weak D
Genetic: RHD gene codes for weakened expression of D antigen, reduced number of D antigen sites on the RBC membrane, can safely transfuse D+ blood
Due to C: position effect, RHCe allele inherited trans to RHD allele, can safely transfuse D+ blood
Partial D: red blood cells missing one or more portion of the D antigen, cannot transfuse D+ blood
Partial D Weak D
RBC missing one or more portions of the D antigen
Due to hybrid gene in which portions of RHD are replaced by corresponding portions of RHCE
Person types D positive
Can form alloanti-D that reacts with all D positive RBC except their own
Require Weak D Typing
Donor blood
Baby of Rh negative mother
Rh Antibodies
RBC immune Do not bind complement, but can cause extravascular hemolysis Clinically significant Can cross placenta Enhanced by enzymes
Rh Null
Person lack ALL Rh antigens
Can make antibodies to any and all Rh antigens
Demonstrate mild hemolytic anemia
Can only transfuse Rh null blood
Cw Antigen
Found in combination with C or c antigen
2% white, rare in black
Anti-Cw seen in both RBC immune and non-immune
rhi (Ce) Antigen
Compound antigen
C and e in the cis position
R1R2 is positive for rhi antigen (DCe, DcE)
R0Rz in negative for rhi antigen (Dce/DCE)
f (ce) Antigen
c and e in cis position
Compound antigen, but f is a single antigen
anti-f implicated in HDN and HTR
G Antigen
Found on red cells with D or C antigen
Deletion Phenotype
D-- or -D- C, c, E, e antigens are absent from the RBC membrane Very strong D antigen expression Can make antibodies to missing antigen anti-Rh17 (Hro antibody)
