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World History > Revolutions > Flashcards

Revolutions Flashcards

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1
Q

Steps of a revolution

A

Outbreak, Honeymoon under Moderates, Radicalization of Revolutionary, Restoration of stability

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2
Q

Voltaire’s beliefs

A

Freedom in religion and speech

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3
Q

Diderot wrote the ________

A

Encyclopedia

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4
Q

Montesquieu’s thoughts

A

Separation of powers

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5
Q

Hobbes

A

Complete giving up of one’s rights to gov.’t

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6
Q

Locke

A

Right to overthrow tyrannical government, natural rights

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7
Q

Rousseau

A

One must give up partial rights to government as part of the social contract

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8
Q

Baroque music

A

Bach, Mozart

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9
Q

Baroque music was ______

A

full of emotion, unrestrained

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10
Q

Catherine the Great and Frederick the Great were what type of rulers?

A

Enlightened despots

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11
Q

Salon

A

where upper class individuals would have philosophical talks

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12
Q

All weather roads and improvements in ship design led to

A

lower transportation costs

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13
Q

New crops, drills, and farming techniques led to the _______

A

second agricultural revolution

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14
Q

Timeline of England’s monarchical transformation

A

James 1, Charles I (Absolutist) –> Civil War (Puritan Revolution) Cromwell’s Puritan Theocracy –> Charles II Restoration –> Absolutist James II –> Glorious Revolution –> William & Mary Rule

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15
Q

Tories are _____ whereas the Whigs were ______

A

conservative, liberal

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16
Q

Petition of Right

A

Charles I forced to sign this; said there were rights the King could not violate, reaffirmed Magna Carta

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17
Q

English Bill of Rights

A

freedom of speech, increased parliamentary powers

18
Q

Seven year’s war

A

French + Iroquois vs Algonquin + British/Americans. At first French won, then Britain did.

19
Q

Maximilien Robespierre

A

led the extreme Montagnards during the Reign of Terror

20
Q

Eugene Delacroix

A

an intensely Romantic painter that showed many depictions of the FR

21
Q

Napoleon Bonaparte

A

Ruler after the Reign of Terror, led a coup to overthrow the Directory

22
Q

Thermidorean Phase

A

Government restructuring after the Terror - the Directory formed, which then came to abuse its power

23
Q

Prince Metternich

A

Led the Congress of Vienna, which reorganized the powers in Europe so that none could dominate the others

24
Q

Versailles

A

The palace in France, which required a lot of money to uphold. There was a women’s march here which forced Louis XVI to abdicate to paris.

25
Q

Proletariat

A

the working urban peasantry

26
Q

Bourgeoisie

A

the middle class

27
Q

Petit bourgeoisie

A

The idea that everyone (middle class) should own land

28
Q

sans-culottes

A

those who didn’t wear breeches –> middle class revolutionaries

29
Q

la marseillas

A

The French national anthem composed during the FR

30
Q

committee of public safety

A

political body that gained almost dictatorial control over France during the Reign of Terror

31
Q

Neo-classical art

A

refined, less emotion, fine design, subdued palette, idealized

32
Q

Romanticism

A

lots of emotion bursting from everywhere, concepts as entities

33
Q

Continental System

A

Napoleon’s attempt to blockade Britain and stop trade happening

34
Q

Maroons

A

the landowning aristocracy in Haiti

35
Q

Cult of the Supreme Being

A

deism by Robespierre intended to become state religion (Rejection of religion)

36
Q

Who began the revolution in Mexico?

A

Creole priest named Miguel Hidalgo

37
Q

caudillos

A

a militia leader with charisma

38
Q

centralists in Mexico

A

favored strong central government, paid national army

39
Q

federalists in Mexico

A

preferred limited government

40
Q

Augustin de Iturbide

A

a Creole officer at the head of an army who was proclaimed emperor of Mexico

41
Q

juntas

A

local governments that arose in areas trying to maintain independence

World History (9 decks)

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