Review 15 Flashcards
Check the Psych Social Handout 1
Somatic PNS, Peripheral ANS, Pre and post ganglionic Neuron
Neurotransmitters for Para and sympathetic system
Note both preganglionic nerves of Para and sym secrete acetylcholine
Note receptors in Psych/Soc 1 Handout
Extero, intero, pacinian (pressure deep in skin), etc
Sensory Stimuli note Psych/Soc Handout 1
Sensory stimuli encoding information,
Muscle Spindle, Joint Capsule receptors, and Golgi tendon organs
Muscle Spindle - Mechanoreceptor that detects muscle stretch
Golgi tendon Organs - Monitor tension in tendons
Joint Capsule Receptors - Detect pressure, tension and movement in joints
Psych/Soc 1 Handout
Mechanism of hearing
Amacrine and Horizontal Cells
Receive input from multiple retinal cells in the same area before the information is passed on to ganglion cells. They can thereby accentuate slight differences between the visual information in each bipolar cell. These cells are important for edge detection, as they increase our perception of contrasts.
Psych/Soc 1 Handout Mechanism of Seeing
Check it out
Myopia
- Nearsighted
- Too much curvature
- Corrected with divergent lens
Hyperopia
- Farsighted
- Not enough curvature
- Corrected with converging lens
Pacinian Corpuscles
Respond to deep pressure an vibration
Meissner Corpuscle
Respond to light touch
Merkle discs
Respond to deep pressure and texture
Ruffini endings
Respond to Stretch
Free nerve endings
Respond to pain and temperature
Two point thresholds
Minimum distance between two points of stimulation on the skin such that the points will be felt as two distinct stimuli
Depends on the density of nerves
Physiological Zero
Normal temperature of the skin between (86 and 97 F)
Objects feel cold if under physiological zero or warm if over
Threshold of Conscious Perception
minimum signal our sensory system must send to our brain for it to be perceived
threshold below which our sensory system may send a signal but we don’t perceive it,
reaches the central nervous system, but does not reach the high order brain regions that control attention and consciousness
limina: minimum threshold for perception
subliminal: the threshold for subconscious perception
Difference Threshold
minimum noticeable difference between two sensory stimuli 50% of the time
determines the change in stimuli
the magnitude of the initial stimuli influences the difference
Signal Detection Theory
detecting a stimuli is dependent on our psychological state in addition to stimuli
include our alertness, expectations, motivation and prior experienced
attempts to predict how and when one will detect a stimulus (signal) given other background stimuli (noise) possibleoutcomes
Deja vu
When we have recognition without an obvious reason. We believe we experience something for the first time but we are able to recognize an experience more quickly than expected through top down processing
Perceptual Organization
Using two process together with all the other sensory clues to create a complete picture or idea. We often have incomplete sensory information but our mind fills in the gaps
Gestalt Psychology
The whole exceeds the sum of the parts.
We perceive an object rather than seeing lines, angles, colors and shadows
