Review 15

Question 1

Check the Psych Social Handout 1

Answer 1

Somatic PNS, Peripheral ANS, Pre and post ganglionic Neuron
Neurotransmitters for Para and sympathetic system
Note both preganglionic nerves of Para and sym secrete acetylcholine

Question 2

Note receptors in Psych/Soc 1 Handout

Answer 2

Extero, intero, pacinian (pressure deep in skin), etc

Question 3

Sensory Stimuli note Psych/Soc Handout 1

Answer 3

Sensory stimuli encoding information,

Question 4

Muscle Spindle, Joint Capsule receptors, and Golgi tendon organs

Answer 4

Muscle Spindle - Mechanoreceptor that detects muscle stretch

Golgi tendon Organs - Monitor tension in tendons

Joint Capsule Receptors - Detect pressure, tension and movement in joints

Question 5

Psych/Soc 1 Handout

Answer 5

Mechanism of hearing

Question 6

Amacrine and Horizontal Cells

Answer 6

Receive input from multiple retinal cells in the same area before the information is passed on to ganglion cells. They can thereby accentuate slight differences between the visual information in each bipolar cell. These cells are important for edge detection, as they increase our perception of contrasts.

Question 7

Psych/Soc 1 Handout Mechanism of Seeing

Answer 7

Check it out

Question 8

Myopia

Answer 8

1. Nearsighted
2. Too much curvature
3. Corrected with divergent lens

Question 9

Hyperopia

Answer 9

1. Farsighted
2. Not enough curvature
3. Corrected with converging lens

Question 10

Pacinian Corpuscles

Answer 10

Respond to deep pressure an vibration

Question 11

Meissner Corpuscle

Answer 11

Respond to light touch

Question 12

Merkle discs

Answer 12

Respond to deep pressure and texture

Question 13

Ruffini endings

Answer 13

Respond to Stretch

Question 14

Free nerve endings

Answer 14

Respond to pain and temperature

Question 15

Two point thresholds

Answer 15

Minimum distance between two points of stimulation on the skin such that the points will be felt as two distinct stimuli

Depends on the density of nerves

Question 16

Physiological Zero

Answer 16

Normal temperature of the skin between (86 and 97 F)

Objects feel cold if under physiological zero or warm if over

Question 17

Threshold of Conscious Perception

Answer 17

minimum signal our sensory system must send to our brain for it to be perceived

threshold below which our sensory system may send a signal but we don’t perceive it,

reaches the central nervous system, but does not reach the high order brain regions that control attention and consciousness

limina: minimum threshold for perception
subliminal: the threshold for subconscious perception

Question 18

Difference Threshold

Answer 18

minimum noticeable difference between two sensory stimuli 50% of the time

determines the change in stimuli

the magnitude of the initial stimuli influences the difference

Question 19

Signal Detection Theory

Answer 19

detecting a stimuli is dependent on our psychological state in addition to stimuli

include our alertness, expectations, motivation and prior experienced

attempts to predict how and when one will detect a stimulus (signal) given other background stimuli (noise) possibleoutcomes

Question 20

Deja vu

Answer 20

When we have recognition without an obvious reason. We believe we experience something for the first time but we are able to recognize an experience more quickly than expected through top down processing

Question 21

Perceptual Organization

Answer 21

Using two process together with all the other sensory clues to create a complete picture or idea. We often have incomplete sensory information but our mind fills in the gaps

Question 22

Gestalt Psychology

Answer 22

The whole exceeds the sum of the parts.

We perceive an object rather than seeing lines, angles, colors and shadows