Retroperitoneum Pathology

Question 1

retroperitoneal fibrosis is also called (2)

Answer 1

Ormond’s disease
inflammatory aneurysm

Question 2

retroperitoneal fibrosis develops in the ____ region which includes (4)

Answer 2

paravertebral region

abdominal AO
IVC
ureters
sacrum

Question 3

retroperitoneal fibrosis is associated with ____ as it envelopes structures rather than displacing them

Answer 3

bilateral ureteral obstruction

Question 4

most cases of retroperitoneal fibrosis are ____ (60-70%)

Answer 4

idiopathic

Question 5

ultrasound appearance of retroperitoneal fibrosis

Answer 5

hypoechoic mass surrounding the abdominal AO

Question 6

what are azygos/hemiazygos veins?

Answer 6

provide an alternative pathway for venous return in the case of IVC obstruction

Question 7

azygos/hemiazygos connect the ___ to ___

Answer 7

prox IVC to the superior vena cava

Question 8

azygos are located on the ___

Answer 8

right

Question 9

hemiazygos are located on the ___

Answer 9

left

Question 10

the crus of the diaphragm location

anterior to the ___
superior to the ___
posterior to the ___

Answer 10

anterior to the AO
superior to the celiac axis
posterior to the IVC

Question 11

retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy is

Answer 11

enlargement of the abdominal lymph nodes

Question 12

what is the “sandwich” sign?

Answer 12

compression of the AO and IVC by the surrounding abdominal nodes