Abdominal Vasculature Pathology

Question 1

3 types of aneurysms

Answer 1

true
false
dissecting

Question 2

what is a berry aneurysm?

Answer 2

small saccular aneurysm commonly located in the cerebrum

Question 3

atherosclerotic aneurysms result from

Answer 3

the weakening of the media in severe atherosclerosis

Question 4

aortic aneurysms have a _____ association

Answer 4

genetic

Question 5

aneurysms are focal dilation with at least a ____% increase over normal aortic diameter

Answer 5

50%

Question 6

___ and ___ artery aneurysms are commonly associated with aortic aneurysms

Answer 6

iliac and popliteal

Question 7

the most common cause of false aortic aneurysms is

Answer 7

trauma

Question 8

the term “pseudoaneurysm” is typically used when dealing with

Answer 8

peripheral arteries

Question 9

pseudoaneurysms are commonly associated with (2)

Answer 9

angiographic punctures
surgical anastomoses

Question 10

dissecting aneurysms usually originate at the

Answer 10

aortic arch of the thorax

Question 11

a dissection is a separation of the ___ from the ___ of the aortic wall

Answer 11

intima from the media

Question 12

dissection can extend into the ____ arteries or down the AO to the ____ arteries

Answer 12

carotid arteries
femoral arteries

Question 13

if the aortic aneurysm is infrarenal, the patient may be a candidate for

Answer 13

endovascular stent graft repair

Question 14

endovascular stent graft is inserted into the ___ and deplored within the AO

Answer 14

groin

Question 15

what is May-Thurner syndrome?

Answer 15

chronic compression of the left common iliac vein against the lumbar vertebrae by the overlying right common iliac artery

Question 16

May-Thurner syndrome is also known as

Answer 16

iliac vein compression

Question 17

May-Thurner syndrome increases the risk of ____ in the LLE

Answer 17

DVT

Question 18

mesenteric ischemia presents as (2)

Answer 18

postprandial ABD pain
weight loss

Question 19

mesenteric ischemia sonographic evaluation involves (3)

Answer 19

celiac axis - occluded
SMA - occluded
IMA - enlarged

Question 20

predictors of 70% stenosis

SMA velocity greater than ____
celiac velocity greater than ____

Answer 20

SMA velocity > 275 cm/sec
celiac velocity > 200 cm/sec

Question 21

celiac axis compression syndrome is also known as

Answer 21

median arcuate ligament compression syndrome

Question 22

what is celiac axis compression syndrome?

Answer 22

compression of the proximal celiac axis by the median arcuate ligament of the diaphragm

Question 23

in celiac axis compression syndrome, abdominal bruit is noted with ___ and disappears during ___

Answer 23

noted with expiration
disappears with inspiration

Question 24

normal celiac axis velocity

Answer 24

< 200 cm/sec

Question 25

nutcracker syndrome results in retrograde flow in the (2) veins which could cause ____ in females and ____ in males

Answer 25

adrenal and gonadal veins

pelvic congestion syndrome = females
varicoceles = males

Question 26

AV fistulas are commonly associated with angiographic punctures of the _____ just inferior to the groin

Answer 26

common femoral artery

Question 27

______ are the result of renal biopsy

Answer 27

intrarenal AV shunts

Question 28

most common known cause of acquired renal AV fistulas

Answer 28

percutaneous renal biopsy

Question 29

AV fistulas will produce ____ velocity and ____ resistance waveforms

Answer 29

high velocity
low resistance