Retinal Vessel Occlusions Flashcards
which artery supplies the inner retina and surface of the optic nerve?
central artery
what is a deficit in our central vision called?
central retinal artery occlusion
what is a deficit in a certain area of the visual field called?
branch retinal artery occlusion
what is the most common cause of retinal artery occlusion?
atherosclerosis of the ipsilateral carotid artery
what patient populations are most affected by retinal artery occlusion?
older; men
what will I base a retinal artery occlusion diagnosis on?
history and physical
although diagnosis of retinal artery occlusion rarely requires confirmatory testing, what can be helpful?
fluorescein angiography
what would an abnormal fluorescein angiography show in retinal artery occlusion?
slowed or absent filling of central retinal artery
a clinical presentation of painless, acute, and severe monocular vision loss followed by fluctuating monocular blindness is most consistent with which eye condition?
central retinal artery occlusion
what will a patient see if they have central retinal artery occlusion?
hand motions, but cannot count fingers
what will be seen in a fundoscopic exam in a patient with central retinal artery occlusion?
ischemic whitening of the retina with a cherry red spot on the macula
a clinical presentation of monocular vision loss in only a section of the visual field and sectional pattern of retinal ischemia is most consistent with which eye condition?
branch retinal artery occlusion
what will be seen in a fundoscopic exam in a patient with branch retinal artery occlusion?
retinal ischemia in areas where branched artery is affected
what are the 3 things I should do for a patient with central retinal artery occlusion?
- recover vision
- restore blood flow
- conservative therapies
what are the 2 purposes of conservative therapies for patients with central retinal artery occlusion?
- decrease interocular pressure
- improve perfusion
what is an invasive therapy for a patient with central retinal artery occlusion?
intraarterial thrombolytic therapy with rtPA
what is the treatment for a patient with branch retinal artery occlusion?
treat the underlying cause
what patient population is most likely to get retinal vein occlusion?
old
vein in the distal retinal venous system is occluded, leading to hemorrhage along a small vessel of the retina
branch retinal vein occlusion
occlusion in a vein that drains the superior or inferior hemiretina, leading to involvement of one half of the retina
hemiretinal vein occlusion
a thrombus that’s within the central retinal vein
central retinal vein occlusion
what is the pathophysiology of a branch retinal vein occlusion?
branch vein being compressed by retinal arterioles at crossing points
what is the pathophysiology of a central retinal vein occlusion?
primary thrombus formation
a clinical presentation that is asymptomatic, possible scotoma, and visual field deficits with blurred or gray vision on the area of retinal vein occlusion
branch retinal vein occlusion
a clinical presentation of acute onset of painless blurred vision in one eye
central retinal vein occlusion
what would I base a retinal vein occlusion diagnosis on?
history and physical
what are 4 parts of a ophthalmic exam?
- pupillary function
- extraocular motility
- intraocular pressure
- dilated fundoscopic exam
what should I do for a patient with retinal vein occlusion?
refer to ophthalmology
what are 2 things an ophthalmologist will look for in a patient with retinal vein occlusion?
- macular edema
- neovascularization
in a patient with retinal vein occlusion, if there are signs of macular edema or neovascularization, what should be given?
intravitreal injections
