Retinal Vessel Occlusions

Question 1

which artery supplies the inner retina and surface of the optic nerve?

Answer 1

central artery

Question 2

what is a deficit in our central vision called?

Answer 2

central retinal artery occlusion

Question 3

what is a deficit in a certain area of the visual field called?

Answer 3

branch retinal artery occlusion

Question 4

what is the most common cause of retinal artery occlusion?

Answer 4

atherosclerosis of the ipsilateral carotid artery

Question 5

what patient populations are most affected by retinal artery occlusion?

Answer 5

older; men

Question 6

what will I base a retinal artery occlusion diagnosis on?

Answer 6

history and physical

Question 7

although diagnosis of retinal artery occlusion rarely requires confirmatory testing, what can be helpful?

Answer 7

fluorescein angiography

Question 8

what would an abnormal fluorescein angiography show in retinal artery occlusion?

Answer 8

slowed or absent filling of central retinal artery

Question 9

a clinical presentation of painless, acute, and severe monocular vision loss followed by fluctuating monocular blindness is most consistent with which eye condition?

Answer 9

central retinal artery occlusion

Question 10

what will a patient see if they have central retinal artery occlusion?

Answer 10

hand motions, but cannot count fingers

Question 11

what will be seen in a fundoscopic exam in a patient with central retinal artery occlusion?

Answer 11

ischemic whitening of the retina with a cherry red spot on the macula

Question 12

a clinical presentation of monocular vision loss in only a section of the visual field and sectional pattern of retinal ischemia is most consistent with which eye condition?

Answer 12

branch retinal artery occlusion

Question 13

what will be seen in a fundoscopic exam in a patient with branch retinal artery occlusion?

Answer 13

retinal ischemia in areas where branched artery is affected

Question 14

what are the 3 things I should do for a patient with central retinal artery occlusion?

Answer 14

1. recover vision
2. restore blood flow
3. conservative therapies

Question 15

what are the 2 purposes of conservative therapies for patients with central retinal artery occlusion?

Answer 15

1. decrease interocular pressure
2. improve perfusion

Question 16

what is an invasive therapy for a patient with central retinal artery occlusion?

Answer 16

intraarterial thrombolytic therapy with rtPA

Question 17

what is the treatment for a patient with branch retinal artery occlusion?

Answer 17

treat the underlying cause

Question 18

what patient population is most likely to get retinal vein occlusion?

Answer 18

old

Question 19

vein in the distal retinal venous system is occluded, leading to hemorrhage along a small vessel of the retina

Answer 19

branch retinal vein occlusion

Question 20

occlusion in a vein that drains the superior or inferior hemiretina, leading to involvement of one half of the retina

Answer 20

hemiretinal vein occlusion

Question 21

a thrombus that’s within the central retinal vein

Answer 21

central retinal vein occlusion

Question 22

what is the pathophysiology of a branch retinal vein occlusion?

Answer 22

branch vein being compressed by retinal arterioles at crossing points

Question 23

what is the pathophysiology of a central retinal vein occlusion?

Answer 23

primary thrombus formation

Question 24

a clinical presentation that is asymptomatic, possible scotoma, and visual field deficits with blurred or gray vision on the area of retinal vein occlusion

Answer 24

branch retinal vein occlusion

Question 25

a clinical presentation of acute onset of painless blurred vision in one eye

Answer 25

central retinal vein occlusion

Question 26

what would I base a retinal vein occlusion diagnosis on?

Answer 26

history and physical

Question 27

what are 4 parts of a ophthalmic exam?

Answer 27

1. pupillary function
2. extraocular motility
3. intraocular pressure
4. dilated fundoscopic exam

Question 28

what should I do for a patient with retinal vein occlusion?

Answer 28

refer to ophthalmology

Question 29

what are 2 things an ophthalmologist will look for in a patient with retinal vein occlusion?

Answer 29

1. macular edema
2. neovascularization

Question 30

in a patient with retinal vein occlusion, if there are signs of macular edema or neovascularization, what should be given?

Answer 30

intravitreal injections