Lid Disorders Flashcards
what is the etiology of a hordeolum?
staph aureus
a patient with ______ _____ would be most likely to experience a hordeolum
skin conditions
what are two skin conditions that a person with a hordeolum would most likely have experience with?
rosacea
seb dermatitis
what is the pathophysiology of a hordeolum? (what went wrong to cause this?)
infection of gland
a clinical presentation of a localized red, swollen, and acutely tender area on the upper or lower lid is most consistent with which eye disorder?
hordeolum
what type of hordeolum is where the meibomian gland abscess points onto the conjunctival surface of the lid?
internal hordeolum
what type of hordeolum is smaller and on the lid margin (gland of moll or zeis)?
external hordeolum
what is an external hordeolum also known as?
stye
how will I be able to diagnose a patient with a hordeolum?
history and physical
what are 3 modes of treatment for a hordeolum?
- warm compress
- gentle massage
- referral to ophthalmologist
when would I want to refer a patient with a hordeolum to an ophthalmologist? (2)
- after 1-2 weeks
- recurrent episodes
what kind of patient education would I give to a patient with a hordeolum?
discontinue eye makeup
what is the pathophysiology of a chalazion?
inflammation of glands
a patient with a history of a _____ will be most likely to get a chalazion
hordeolum
a clinical presentation of a nontender, rubbery nodule on the upper or lower lid that can distort vision if large is most consistent with which eye disorder?
chalazion
what will I base a chalazion diagnosis on?
history and physical
what is the mode of treatment for a chalazion?
warm compress
what are 3 things an ophthalmologist would do to a chalazion?
- incision
- curettage
- glucocorticoid injection
when would we asses a chalazion for cancer?
recurring unilateral lesions
what is the etiology of posterior blepharitis?
staph aureus
what are the 2 etiologies of anterior blepharitis?
staph aureus and seborrheic
a patient with _____ and _____ would most likely experience blepharitis
rosacea; seb dermatitis
what is the pathophysiology of posterior blepharitis?
hyper-keratinization of the gland epithelium that promotes bacterial growth
a clinical presentation with red, swollen, or itchy eyelids, a gritty or burning sensation with excessive tearing, “pink eye”, crusting of eyelashes, flaking of the eyelid skin, light sensitivity, and blurred vision is most consistent with which eye disorder?
blepharitis
how will I diagnose blepharitis?
physical exam
what is the main treatment for blepharitis?
good lid hygiene
what are 4 modes of treatment for mild to moderate symptoms of blepharitis?
- warm compress
- gentle massage
- lid washing
- artificial tears
what are 3 things I can give a patient with blepharitis that does not respond to standard treatment?
- topical antibiotic
- oral antibiotic
- topical glucocorticoids
If topical antibiotic ointment does not work for a patient with blepharitis, what should I do?
refer to ophthalmologist
what should I do in a patient with blepharitis who has refractory symptoms, severe eye redness/pain/light sensitivity, impaired vision, or corneal abnormalites?
refer to ophthalmologist
an eye condition where the lower lid (most commonly) folds inwards
entropion
what patient population is most likely to get entropion?
older patients
what is the pathophysiology of entropion?
degeneration of the lid fascia
how would I diagnose entropian?
history and physical
what are 2 modes of treatment for entropion?
- surgery
- botulinum toxin injections
when is surgery indicated for entropion?
if lashes rub on the cornea
an eye condition where the lower lid folds outward
ectropion
what patient population is most likely to get ectropion?
older patients
what is the pathophysiology of ectropion?
breakdown of lid fascia
infections in the cornea due to exposure because the lids cannot close
exposure keratitis
when are 3 instances where surgery is indicated for ectropion?
- excessive tearing
- cosmetic problem
- exposure keratitis
