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Otolaryngology > Conjunctival Disorders > Flashcards

Conjunctival Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

inflammation of the mucous membrane that lines the inside surface of the lids and covers the globe up to the limbus

A

conjunctivitis

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2
Q

conjunctivitis is also known as

A

red or pink eye

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3
Q

what is the etiology of viral conjunctivitis?

A

adenovirus

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4
Q

what kind of patient is most likely to get viral conjunctivitis?

A

contact with person who has viral conjunctivitis

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5
Q

viral conjunctivitis is highly _____

A

contagious

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6
Q

a clinical presentation of conjunctival injection, morning crusting, lots of watery discharge with small serous discharge, and foreign body sensation is most consistent with which eye condition?

A

viral conjunctivitis

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7
Q

when would unilateral viral conjunctivitis become bilateral?

A

within 24-48 hours

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8
Q

a diagnosis of viral conjunctivitis should be based on

A

physical and rapid test

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9
Q

what are 2 topical antihistamines/decongestants used to provide symptomatic relief from viral conjunctivitis?

A
  1. naphazoline
  2. naphazoline-pheniramine
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10
Q

what 3 things could a patient do to manage viral conjunctivitis?

A
  1. topical antihistamine
  2. non-antibiotic lubrication
  3. warm/cool compress
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11
Q

what education should I provide to my patient with viral conjunctivitis? (3)

A

eye irritation and discharge gets worse for 3-5 days
can last 2 weeks
hand hygiene

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12
Q

what is the etiology of bacterial conjunctivitis in adults?

A

staph aureus

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13
Q

what are the 3 etiologies of bacterial conjunctivitis in children?

A
  1. strep pneumoniae
  2. H. influenzae
  3. M. catarrhalis
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14
Q

bacterial conjunctivitis is highly _____

A

contagious

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15
Q

what kind of patient would most likely get bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

direct contact with secretions or contaminated objects

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16
Q

a clinical presentation of unilateral redness, purulent/yellow/white/green discharge, and affected eye “stuck shut” upon waking up is most consistent with which eye condition?

A

bacterial conjunctivitis

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17
Q

what are 2 treatments for bacterial conjunctivitis?

A
  1. erythromycin ointment
  2. polytrim drops
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18
Q

what should I do if a patient with bacterial conjunctivitis does not have symptom reduction in 1-2 days after treatment?

A

refer to ophthalmology

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19
Q

what is the treatment for patients with bacterial conjunctivitis that wear contacts?

A

fluoroquinolone (floxacin)

20
Q

why should contact wearers with bacterial conjunctivitis be treated with fluoroquinolone (floxacin)?

A

higher risk for pseudomonal keratitis

21
Q

what is the etiology of hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

N. gonorrhea

22
Q

what patient would most likely get hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

present N. gonorrhea infection of genitals

23
Q

a clinical presentation of profuse purulent discharge, redness, irritation, tenderness, chemosis, lid swelling, swollen preauricular lymph nodes, and urethritis is most consistent with which eye condition?

A

hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis

24
Q

what kind of exam would I use to diagnose a patient with hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

gram stain/culture of discharge

25
Q

what should I do for a patient with hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis that is severe and sight-threatening?

A

refer to ophthalmologist

26
Q

what is the etiology of allergic conjunctivitis?

A

airborne allergens

27
Q

what patient is most likely to get allergic conjunctivitis?

A

history or atopy or seasonal/regular allergy

28
Q

a clinical presentation of bilateral redness, profuse watery or mucoserous discharge, and itching is most consistent with which eye condition?

A

allergic conjunctivitis

29
Q

how is allergic conjunctivitis treated?

A

self limiting
symptomatic relief

30
Q

what is the etiology of noninfectious, nonallergic conjunctivitis?

A

mechanical or chemical disturbance

31
Q

a clinical presentation of dry eyes, redness, and discharge would be most consistent with which eye condition?

A

noninfectious, nonallergic conjunctivitis

32
Q

noninfectious, nonallergic conjunctivitis symptoms should improve within _____

A

24 hours

33
Q

what would a diagnoses of noninfectious, nonallergic conjunctivitis be based on?

A

history and physical

34
Q

what symptomatic relief can I provide to a patient with noninfectious, nonallergic conjunctivitis? (1)

A

OTC ointment or drops (lubrication)

35
Q

what should I rule out on a patient with suspected conjunctivitis? (3)

A
  1. impaired vision
  2. keratitis, iritis, angle closure glaucoma
  3. hordeolum or blepharitis
36
Q

what is important patient education to give in regards to viral conjunctivitis?

A

antibiotic will not help but can help with life activities

37
Q

triangular wedge of fibrovascular conjunctival tissue that starts medially on the nasal conjunctiva and extends laterally onto the cornea

A

pterygium

38
Q

what patients would be most likely to get pterygium? (2)

A

chronic sun exposure
older males

39
Q

a clinical presentation of redness, irritation, sometimes blurriness/astigmatism, and impaired visual acuity is most consistent with which eye condition?

A

pterygium

40
Q

what treatment is appropriate for mild-moderate pterygium?

A

symptomatic relief

41
Q

what symptomatic relief can be provided to a patient with pterygium?

A

OTC topical lubricants - drops, ointment, gel

42
Q

what can be done for a patient with pterygium that affects their eye sight or eye movement?

A

surgical excision

43
Q

yellowish, slightly raised conjunctival lesion arising at the limbal conjunctiva, without corneal involvement

A

pinguecula

44
Q

pinguecula does not cause ___ ___ since it does not involved the cornea

A

vision impairment

45
Q

pinguecula can start ___ or ___

A

medially; laterally

Otolaryngology (19 decks)

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