Results And Findings Of All Core Studies Flashcards
Findings of grants study
Correct answers on the SAQ out of 10
Silent/silent = 6.7
Noisy/noisy = 6.2
Silent test / noisey study = 5.4
Noisy test / silent study = 4.6
Correct answers on the MCQ out of 16
Silent/silent = 14.3
Noisy/noisy = 14.3
Silent test / noisy study = 12.7
Noisy test / silent study = 12.7
Loftus and palmer findings exp 1 (speed estimates)
Verb
Smashed = 40.8 mph Collided = 39.3 mph Bumped = 38.1 mph Hit = 34 mph Contacted = 31.8 mph
Loftus and palmer findings exp 2 (broken glass)
Smashed = yes - 16 No - 34 Hit = yes - 7 No - 43 Control = yes - 6 No 44
Ps in the smashed condition more likely to say they had seen broken glass
Bocciaro results
149 ps
114 obedient - 76.5%
21 disobedient - 14.1%
14 whistleblowers - 9.4%
Participants who reported having faith were more likely to be whistleblowers
Milgrams findings
Before the study 40 psychiatrists predicted that only 0.001% would admitt the 450 volt shock
65% of participants administered the 450 volts
All obeyed up to 300 volts which 5 refused to continue
Bandura results
1) children in the aggressive condition made more aggressive responses than the children in the non aggressive condition
2) children will imitate same sex models more than opposite sex ( male models had a greater influence than females)
3) boys imitated more physical agression than girls and no difference in verbal aggression
Chaney results
When questioned on weather their child had used the inhaler the previous day Ps in standard condition said yes 50% of the time where has in the funhaler condition Ps said yes 80% of the time
When asked if they were always successful in medicating their child Ps in standard condition said yes 10% and Ps in funhaler said Yes 73% of the tim
Sperry tactile test results
Hands dont have memories if an object first sensed with left they were unable to retrieve it with their right
If the object was in their right hand they could vocalise what they were holding however they could not if it was in their left hand
Sperry visual test results
If a stimuli was placed in one visual field it was only recognised again if presented to the same visual field
When presented to both visual fields they would say what they saw (right visual field) and draw what they saw with their left hand
Baron cohen results eye task
Mean score out of 25:
Austism/aspergers = 16.3
Normal = 20.3
Tourettes = 20.4
Males = 18.8 Females = 21.8
Baron cohen gender and strange stories results
Strange stories:
Austism scored significantly less than the tourettes this means the eye task is a valid test for theory of mind
Gender recognition:
There was no significant difference between the three conditions this shows that there performance on the eye task was not due to identifying characteristics such as gender
Frued interpretaion of phobias/dreams
Bath fantasy = hans having a death wish against his sister as he wanted more alone time with his mum. His fear of the bath was him expressing his fear of being punished for his death
Castration anxiety = hans thought the doctor would cut his widdler off, hans was experiencing the oedipus complex
Phobia of horses = horse represented hans father who also had a dark beard hans unconsious anxietys about his father surfaced as a fear of horses
Giraffe dream = crumpled giraffe was hans mother and the big giraffe was hans father objecting to him taking his mother away
Plumber fantasy = this was hans begining to identify with his father as he wanted a bigger bottom and widler like his father
Marrying fantasy = hans was making space for his father by including him this was hans way of identifying with his father
Moray results
Exp 1: mean number recognised
Words from passage: 4.9
Words from rejected message: 1.9
Similar words but not present: 2.6
Exp 2 :
heard instructions in the rejected message more if their name was present
Exp 3:
No significant difference between the two conditions
Numbers werent important enough to get through the block
Simon and chabris results
Overall intentional blindness was 46% (didnt see the event)
Easy vs hard:
Easy = 64% saw the event
Hard = 45% saw the event (even more if the video was transparent)
White vs black team :
Gorrilla was seen more in the black condition 58% vs the white condition 27%
Transparent vs opaque
Opaque = 62% saw the video
Transparent = 42%
Kohlbergs results
Ps progressed through the stages as they got older and in the same order
Some Ps never reached stage 6
Middle class children found to be more advanced than lower class children
At age 16 stage 6 was more prevalent in american boys than either Mexican or taiwanese boys
Lee results
No significant difference between genders perception of lying and truth telling
Canadian children perception of truth telling does not change between 7 and 11
As chinese children aged they saw it as less favourable to tell the truth about helping others
Both cultures thought that lying about hurting someone or performing anti social behaviour was wrong
Pilliavin results
Cane victim recieved help on 62/65 trails (95%)
The drunk victim recieved help on 19/38 trails (50%)
90% of the first helpers were male
Levine results
Rio de janeiro helped overall 93.33% of the time
Kaula lumpur, malaysia helped overall 40.33 % of thhe time
Simpatia cultures would be more helpful than non simpatia cultures towards strangers
Blake more and cooper results
Kittens often bumped into things
Their tracking of moving objects was jerky
Showed no startle responses
Kittens appeared to suffer from physical blindness
Maguire results
No difference in overall volume of the hippocampus between taxi and non taxi drivers
Taxi drivers had a higher volume in the posterior hippocampus than the non taxi drivers
Non taxi drivers had more volume in the anterior hippocampus side generally
Gould/ yerkes results
Yerkes - suggested iq was influenced by nature and lighter skinned people were more intelligent
Average mental age:
White Americans - 13
Russians 11.34
Black americans - 10.4
Gould said that the test was culturally biased and race did not affect intelligence
Hancock findings
Psychopaths used 33% more disflencies
More subordinating conjunctions
Showed less emotional language
More words relating to basic human needs
