Restrictive Lung Diseases/Malignancy Flashcards
What happens with Interstitial Lung Diseases?
The lungs become scarred and stiff with loss of compliance
What is a drug that can cause Interstitial Lung Disease?
Amiodarone
What will the Total Lung Capacity be with Interstitial Lung diseases?
LOW
What will the FEV1/FVC ratio be with Interstitial lung diseases?
Normal or HIGH
What will the Diffusion capacity of the lung for CO be with Interstitial Lung diseases?
LOW
What is a buzz word on a CT that should make you consider an Interstitial Lung Disease?
Honeycombing
What is the best diagnostic test for Interstitial Lung diseases?
Biopsy
What is the most common Interstitial Lung Disease?
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Sarcoidosis is an autoimmune multi-organ disease. What is a classic finding on CXR?
Hilar LAD
What will be found on biopsy with Sarcoidosis?
NON-caseating granulomas
Sarcoidosis is associated with what lab changes (2)?
HIGH calcium and ACE levels
What workers are at an associated with for Silicosis? What do the inhale and where does it go?
Stonecutters and quarry workers
– Silica dust –> UPPER LUNG ZONES
What lung zones are affected with Silicosis?
Upper lung zones
What 2 findings are characteristic of Silicosis on imaging?
Upper lung nodules
Hilar CALCIFICATIONS
What 2 imaging findings are characteristic of Silicosis on imaging?
Upper lung nodules
Hilar CALCIFICATIONS
What types of workers are exposed to Asbestosis?
Shipyards and construction
What is the most common malignancy associated with Asbestosis exposure? More rare one?
Common = Bronchogenic Carcinoma
Rare = Mesothelioma
What are a few exam findings consistent with Asbestosis?
Digital clubbing
End-inspiratory crackles
What will be seen on CXR with Asbestosis exposure?
Peripheral pleural plaques
What will be seen on CXR with Asbestosis?
Peripheral pleural plaques
What will be seen on biopsy with Asbestosis exposure?
Ferruginous barbell bodies
For lung cancers, following a CXR/CT, what test is done for peripheral lesions?
FNA
For lung cancers, following a CXR/CT, what test is done for central lesions?
Bronchoscopy
Which lung cancers are centrally located?
Small cell
Squamous cell
Which lung cancer is peripherally located?
Adenocarcinoma
What are 3 paraneoplastic syndromes associated with Small Cell?
SIADH
Cushing’s – ACTH
Lambert Eaton – antibodies to presynaptic Ca+
What is the treatment for Small Cell?
Chemo and radiation
What paraneoplastic syndrome is associated with Squamous cell?
Hypercalcemia from PTH-rP
Which cancers are associated with smoke and which is not?
Smoking – Small cell/Squamous
NOT smoking – Adenocarcinoma
If a patient presents with unilateral miosis/ptosis/anhidrosis, SVC engorgement with facial edema or hoarseness and arm pain…. what is the tumor?
Superior Sulcus (pancoast) tumor
