Infectious Disease Flashcards
What pathogen commonly causes infective endocarditis in IV drug users?
Staph. Aureus
What pathogen commonly causes infective endocarditis on native valves following dental procedures?
Viridans Streptococci
What pathogen commonly causes infective endocarditis on prosthetic valves?
Staph. Epidermidis
What pathogen commonly causes infective endocarditis and is associated with colon cancer?
Strep. Bovis/Gallolyticus
What pathogens commonly cause infective endocarditis following UTIs?
Enterococci
If right sided endocarditis is suspected, what may be found?
Septic emboli in the lungs
List some findings of infective endocarditis?
- New murmur
- Janeway lesions
- Osler nodes (painful)
- Roth spots (eye hemorrhage)
- Nail splinter hemorrhages
Treatment for Infective Endocarditis?
Vancomycin + Gentamicin
With infectious mononucleosis, pharyngitis is common. Where is a common LAD spot?
Posterior cervical
With infectious mononucleosis, what findings are common in the mouth? (3)
Tonsillar enlargement/exudates
Pharyngitis
Palatal petechiae
Why should those with infectious mononucleosis avoid contact sports?
Splenomegaly –> RUPTURE
4 lab number findings with infectious mononucleosis?
- Thrombocytopenia
- Atypical lymphocytosis
- Elevated LFTs
- Elevated Alk Phos
4 lab number findings with infectious mononucleosis?
- Thrombocytopenia
- Atypical lymphocytosis
- Elevated LFTs
- Elevated Alk Phos
If you see someone with pneumonia and diarrhea, what should be high on your differential?
Legionella
What are the symptoms of Legionella?
Pneumonia
GI - diarrhea/vomiting
AMS
What lab finding is seen with Legionella?
LOW sodium
Treatment for Legionella?
Fluoroquinolone
If a neutropenic fever occurs, what antibiotics should be chosen empirically?
Cefepime OR
Piperacillin-Tazobactam
==> Pseudomonas coverage
If a neutropenic fever persists despite adequate antibiotic treatment, after 72 hours add ____
Antifungal coverage
If you suspect a tick-borne illness and it has associated anemia with jaundice, what is the likely cause?
Babesiosis
If Babesiosis is suspected, what is the diagnostic and what will be seen?
Blood smear = Maltese crosses
Treatment for Babesiosis?
Azithromycin and Atovaquone
= Flu-like + anemia/jaundice
What rash is seen with primary lyme disease?
Erythema Migrans (bull’s eye)
Fever, myalgias, arthralgias and a targetoid rash is likely?
Lyme disease
What can be seen with Secondary Lyme Disease (3)?
- Heart block
- Facial nerve palsies
- Migratory polyarthropathies
What can be seen with Tertiary Lyme Disease (2)?
- Arthritis
- Encephalitis
Treatment for Lyme disease? CNS involvement? Children under 8?
Doxycycline
CNS = Ceftriaxone
Kids = Amoxicillin
How will Rocky Mountain Spotted fever present?
Rash that begins at the wrists and ankles and spreads centrally
Treatment for Rocky Mountain Spotted fever?
Doxycycline for ALL
Primary syphilis
PainLESS Chancre (genital ulcer)
Secondary Syphilis has many possible symptoms. List 4 unique ones.
- Maculopapular rash involving palms/soles
- Epitrochlear LAD
- GRAY oral lesions
- GRAY genital papules = condyloma lata
Secondary Syphilis has many possible symptoms. List 4 unique ones.
- Maculopapular rash involving palms/soles
- Epitrochlear LAD
- GRAY oral lesions
- GRAY genital papules = condyloma lata
3 things that can be seen with Tertiary Syphilis?
- Tabes Dorsalis
- Gummatous lesions
- Aortic aneurysms
3 things that can be seen with Tertiary Syphilis?
- Tabes Dorsalis
- Gummatous lesions
- Aortic aneurysms
What is the treatment for Syphilis?
IM Penicillin G Benzathine
If your patient with Syphilis has a penicillin allergy, what should be given?
Doxycycline
What is the pneumonic to assess if it is safe to perform an LP?
FAILS
FAILS
Focal neurologic deficit
AMS
Immunosuppressed
Lesion on skin
Seizures
If any of FAILS is (+), do NOT?
NO LP
- Focal neurologic deficit
- AMS
- Immunosuppressed
- Lesion over skin
- Seizures
If it is unsafe to do a LP, do what?
CT scan with antibiotics
