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COMAT - IM > Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What pathogen commonly causes infective endocarditis in IV drug users?

A

Staph. Aureus

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2
Q

What pathogen commonly causes infective endocarditis on native valves following dental procedures?

A

Viridans Streptococci

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3
Q

What pathogen commonly causes infective endocarditis on prosthetic valves?

A

Staph. Epidermidis

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4
Q

What pathogen commonly causes infective endocarditis and is associated with colon cancer?

A

Strep. Bovis/Gallolyticus

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5
Q

What pathogens commonly cause infective endocarditis following UTIs?

A

Enterococci

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6
Q

If right sided endocarditis is suspected, what may be found?

A

Septic emboli in the lungs

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7
Q

List some findings of infective endocarditis?

A
  • New murmur
  • Janeway lesions
  • Osler nodes (painful)
  • Roth spots (eye hemorrhage)
  • Nail splinter hemorrhages
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8
Q

Treatment for Infective Endocarditis?

A

Vancomycin + Gentamicin

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9
Q

With infectious mononucleosis, pharyngitis is common. Where is a common LAD spot?

A

Posterior cervical

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10
Q

With infectious mononucleosis, what findings are common in the mouth? (3)

A

Tonsillar enlargement/exudates
Pharyngitis
Palatal petechiae

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11
Q

Why should those with infectious mononucleosis avoid contact sports?

A

Splenomegaly –> RUPTURE

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12
Q

4 lab number findings with infectious mononucleosis?

A
  • Thrombocytopenia
  • Atypical lymphocytosis
  • Elevated LFTs
  • Elevated Alk Phos
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13
Q

4 lab number findings with infectious mononucleosis?

A
  • Thrombocytopenia
  • Atypical lymphocytosis
  • Elevated LFTs
  • Elevated Alk Phos
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14
Q

If you see someone with pneumonia and diarrhea, what should be high on your differential?

A

Legionella

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15
Q

What are the symptoms of Legionella?

A

Pneumonia
GI - diarrhea/vomiting
AMS

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16
Q

What lab finding is seen with Legionella?

A

LOW sodium

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17
Q

Treatment for Legionella?

A

Fluoroquinolone

18
Q

If a neutropenic fever occurs, what antibiotics should be chosen empirically?

A

Cefepime OR
Piperacillin-Tazobactam
==> Pseudomonas coverage

19
Q

If a neutropenic fever persists despite adequate antibiotic treatment, after 72 hours add ____

A

Antifungal coverage

20
Q

If you suspect a tick-borne illness and it has associated anemia with jaundice, what is the likely cause?

A

Babesiosis

21
Q

If Babesiosis is suspected, what is the diagnostic and what will be seen?

A

Blood smear = Maltese crosses

22
Q

Treatment for Babesiosis?

A

Azithromycin and Atovaquone
= Flu-like + anemia/jaundice

23
Q

What rash is seen with primary lyme disease?

A

Erythema Migrans (bull’s eye)

24
Q

Fever, myalgias, arthralgias and a targetoid rash is likely?

A

Lyme disease

25
Q

What can be seen with Secondary Lyme Disease (3)?

A
  • Heart block
  • Facial nerve palsies
  • Migratory polyarthropathies
26
Q

What can be seen with Tertiary Lyme Disease (2)?

A
  • Arthritis
  • Encephalitis
27
Q

Treatment for Lyme disease? CNS involvement? Children under 8?

A

Doxycycline
CNS = Ceftriaxone
Kids = Amoxicillin

28
Q

How will Rocky Mountain Spotted fever present?

A

Rash that begins at the wrists and ankles and spreads centrally

29
Q

Treatment for Rocky Mountain Spotted fever?

A

Doxycycline for ALL

30
Q

Primary syphilis

A

PainLESS Chancre (genital ulcer)

31
Q

Secondary Syphilis has many possible symptoms. List 4 unique ones.

A
  • Maculopapular rash involving palms/soles
  • Epitrochlear LAD
  • GRAY oral lesions
  • GRAY genital papules = condyloma lata
32
Q

Secondary Syphilis has many possible symptoms. List 4 unique ones.

A
  • Maculopapular rash involving palms/soles
  • Epitrochlear LAD
  • GRAY oral lesions
  • GRAY genital papules = condyloma lata
33
Q

3 things that can be seen with Tertiary Syphilis?

A
  • Tabes Dorsalis
  • Gummatous lesions
  • Aortic aneurysms
34
Q

3 things that can be seen with Tertiary Syphilis?

A
  • Tabes Dorsalis
  • Gummatous lesions
  • Aortic aneurysms
35
Q

What is the treatment for Syphilis?

A

IM Penicillin G Benzathine

36
Q

If your patient with Syphilis has a penicillin allergy, what should be given?

A

Doxycycline

37
Q

What is the pneumonic to assess if it is safe to perform an LP?

A

FAILS

38
Q

FAILS

A

Focal neurologic deficit
AMS
Immunosuppressed
Lesion on skin
Seizures

39
Q

If any of FAILS is (+), do NOT?

A

NO LP
- Focal neurologic deficit
- AMS
- Immunosuppressed
- Lesion over skin
- Seizures

40
Q

If it is unsafe to do a LP, do what?

A

CT scan with antibiotics

COMAT - IM (17 decks)

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