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COMAT - IM > Nephrotic Diseases > Flashcards

Nephrotic Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What is often to blame for Nephrotic syndrome?

A

Systemic diseases
– Ex. DM, SLE, Amyloidosis

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2
Q

State the features of Nephrotic Syndrome

A
  • Proteinuria (>3.5g/day)
  • Hypoalbuminemia
  • Hyperlipidemia (accelerated atherosclerosis)
  • Hypercoagulable state
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3
Q

State the features of Nephrotic Syndrome

A
  • Proteinuria (>3.5g/day)
  • Hypoalbuminemia
  • Hyperlipidemia
  • Hypercoagulable state
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4
Q

Again, what features are shared between Nephrotic and Nephritic syndromes?

A

Proteinuria – more severe with Nephrotic
EDEMA
HTN

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5
Q

Nephrotic syndrome can present with Hyperlipidemia. What does this cause?

A

Accelerated atherosclerosis

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6
Q

Nephrotic Syndrome can present with a DVT or Renal V. Thrombosis. WHY?

A

Losing Antithrombin 3/Protein C or S in the urine which creates a hypercoagulable state

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7
Q

Patients with Nephrotic Syndrome are at risk for what? Why?

A

Infections – losing immunoglobulins in the urine too

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8
Q

What is the initial diagnostics for Nephrotic syndromes?

A

UA +/- Renal biopsy

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9
Q

What specific thing may be seen on UA with a Nephrotic syndrome and why?

A

Maltese crosses – LIPIDS (hyperlipidemia)

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10
Q

What is the most common cause of Nephrotic Syndrome in a kid?

A

Minimal Change Disease

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11
Q

How will Minimal Change Disease present?

A

Sudden onset Edema in a KID

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12
Q

What will be seen on light microscopy with Minimal Change Disease?

A

Effacement of epithelial foot processes

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13
Q

What is the treatment for Minimal Change Disease?

A

Steroids

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14
Q

List 4 Nephrotic syndrome causes

A

Minimal change disease
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
Membranous Nephropathy
Diabetic Nephropathy

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15
Q

List 4 Nephrotic syndrome causes

A

Minimal change disease
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
Membranous Nephropathy
Diabetic Nephropathy

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16
Q

Most common cause of Nephrotic syndrome in adults?

A

Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis

17
Q

What appearance on visualization will Membranous Nephropathy have?

A

Spike and Dome appearance

18
Q

What 2 things can be seen with Diabetic Nephropathy?

A
  1. Thickened GBM
  2. Kimmelstiel-Wilson lesions
19
Q

What 2 things can be seen with Diabetic Nephropathy?

A
  1. Thickened GBM
  2. Kimmelstiel-Wilson lesions
20
Q

If a man presents with a LEFT-sided Varicocele… what is on your differential and why?

A

Renal Cell Carcinoma!
- Left gonadal vein empties into Left renal vein
- This is able to be compressed causing a left sided varicocele
– Right gonadal vein empties directly into the IVC and is not at risk of compression

COMAT - IM (17 decks)

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