Restrictive Lung Diseases Flashcards
FEV1/FVC ratio >/= 80%
Restrictive lung disease
hyaline memrane disease
neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
BL hilar lymphadenopathy, noncaseating granuloma; increase ACE and Calcium
Sarcoidosis
Drugs that cause pulmonary fibrosis
Bleomycin, busulfan, amiodarone, methotrexate
Type III/IV HS rxn to environmental allergen; usually seen in farmers and those exposed to birds
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
Rheumatoid arthritis and pneumoconioses with intrapulmonary nodules
Caplan Syndrome
“ivory white” calcified pleural plaques
Asbestosis
Ferruginous bodies
gold brown fusiform rods resembling dumbbells - asbestos
Part of lung asbestos affects
Lower Lobes
Part of lung silica and coal affect
Upper lobes
Black Lung Disease
Coal Workers’ Pneumoconiosis
Asymptomatic condition found in urban dwellers exposed to sooty air
Anthracosis
Macrophages laden with carbon leading to inflammation and fibrosis
Coal Workers’ pneumoconiosis
Foundries, Sandblasting, and mines
Silicosis
“eggshell” calcification of hilar LN
Silicosis
Silicosis increases the susceptibility to
TB & bronchogenic carcinoma
Risk factors of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
prematurity, maternal diabetes (because insulin inhibits surfactant). C-section decreases release of fetal glucocorticoids
Tx of Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
Maternal steroids before birth; artifical surfactant for infant
Surfactant deficiency
Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
intra-alveolar hyaline membrane
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Cause of ARDS
trauma, sepsis, shock, gastric aspiration, uremia, acute pancreatitis, or amniotic fluid embolism
Tx of ARDS
tx underlying cause; ventilatoin with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)
Near-complete opacification of the lungs with obscured cardiomediastinal silhouette
ARDS
