Pneumonia Flashcards
Cause of interstitial pneumonia
Viruses like influenza, RSV and adenovirus
Bacteria that cause atypical (interstitial) pneumonia
Mycoplasma pneumonia, Legionella, Chlamydia, Coxiella Burnetti
Patchy distribution pneumonia >1lobe
Bronchopneumonia (lobular)
Causes of Lobular pneumonia (bronchopneumonia)
S. penumonia, S. aureus, H. influenza, Klebsiella
Exacerbates COPD
H. influenzae; Moraxella catarhhalis; Legionella
acute inflamamtory infiltrates from broncioles into adjacent alveoli
Bronchopneumonia (lobular)
Intra-alveolar exudate
Lobar Pneumonia
CAP Lobar pneumonia
S. pneumonia
Alcoholic pneumonia
Klebsiella pneumonia
Most common cause of atypical pneumonia in infants
RSV
Placenta of animal
Coxiella burnetti
Post-transplant immunosupressive therapy cause of pneumonia
CMV
Most common cause of secondary pneumonia superimposed on viral pneumonia
S. aureus
4 Phases of Lobar Pneumonia
- Congestion: dilate BV and edema
- Red Hepatization
- Grey Hepatization
- Resolution: healing by type II pneumocytes
Cold hemolytic anemia (IgM)
Mycoplasma pneumonia
Air-fluid levels on CXR
Lung Abscess
Bugs that cause Lung abscesses
S. aureus; anaerobes like Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Peptostreptococcus
Transudate
Decreased protein content. Due to CHF, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis
Exudate
Increased protein content, cloudy, collagen vascular disease, trauma
Chylothorax
Lymph pleural effusion; thoracic duct injury, malignancy, increased TGs
Accumulation of air in pleural space Most often in tall, thin, young males because of rupture of apical blebs
Spontaneous pneumothorax
Trachea deviates away from affected lung
Tension pneumothorax
Physical findings associated with pneumothorax
dyspnea, unilateral chest expansion, decreased tactile fremitus, hyperresonance, diminished breath sounds on affected side
