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First Aid Respiratory > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

1st generation H1 blockers

A

Diphenhydramine, dimenhydrinate, chlorpheniramine

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2
Q

Used for Allergy, Motion sickness, Sleep Aid

A

Diphenhydramine, dimenhydrinate, chlorpheniramine

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3
Q

2nd generation H1 blockers

A

Loratidine, Fexofenadine, Desloratadine, Cetirizine

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4
Q

Benefits of 2nd generation over 1st generation H1 blockers

A

Less sedation

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5
Q

Expectorant; thins respiratory secretions; does not suppress cough

A

Guaifenesin

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6
Q

Mucolytic; can loosen mucous plugs in CF patients. Also an antidote for acetaminophen overdose

A

N-acetylcystine

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7
Q

Antitussive (antagonistizes NMDA glutamate receptors); Synthetic codeine analog

A

Dextromethorphan

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8
Q

Sympathomimetic alpha-agonist, nonprescription nasal decongestant

A

Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine

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9
Q

Reduce hyperemia, edema, and nasal decongestion, open obstructed eustachian tubes

A

Pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine

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10
Q

Illlicitly used to make methamphetamine

A

Pseudoephedrine

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11
Q

Nasal decongestant that can cause CNS stimulation/anxiety

A

pseudoephedrine

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12
Q

Toxicity of Pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine

A

HTN

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13
Q

Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle (beta-2) during acute exacerbation

A

Albuterol

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14
Q

Long-acting agents for prophylaxis of asthma

A

Salmeterol, Formoterol

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15
Q

S/E of Salmeterol and Formoterol

A

Tremor and arrhythmia

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16
Q

Likely causes bronchodilation by inhibiting phosphodiesterase, increasing cAMP levels due to decrease cAMP hydrolysis.

A

Theophylline (a methylxanthine)

17
Q

Blocks actions of adenosine

A

Theophylline (a methylxanthine)

18
Q

Usage is limited because of narrow therapeutic index; cardiotoxicty and neurotoxicity

A

Theophylline (a methylxanthine)

19
Q

competitive block of muscarinic receptors; preventing bronchoconstriction, used for COPD

A

Ipratropium and tiotropium

20
Q

Inactivate NF-KB, that transcription factor that induces the production of TNF-alpha and other inflammatory agents; 1st line therapy for chronic asthma

A

Corticosteroids like Beclomethasone, Fluticasone

21
Q

Blocks leukotriene receptors; Good for aspirin induced asthma

A

Montelukast, Zafirlukast

22
Q

5-lipoxygenase pathway inhibitor, blocks conversion of arachidonic acid to leukotrienes

A

Zileuton

23
Q

Monoclonal anti-IgE antibody; blocks serum IgE from binding FceRI

A

Omalizumab

24
Q

Used in allergic asthma resistant to inhaled steroids and long-acting beta2-agonist

A

Omalizumab

25
Q

Muscarinic receptor agonist used in bronchial provocation challenge to help diagnose asthma

A

Methocholine

26
Q

Used to treat pHTN; competitively antagonizes endothelin-1 receptors, decreases pulmonary vascular resistance

A

Bosentan

First Aid Respiratory (10 decks)

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