Pharmacology

Question 1

1st generation H1 blockers

Answer 1

Diphenhydramine, dimenhydrinate, chlorpheniramine

Question 2

Used for Allergy, Motion sickness, Sleep Aid

Answer 2

Diphenhydramine, dimenhydrinate, chlorpheniramine

Question 3

2nd generation H1 blockers

Answer 3

Loratidine, Fexofenadine, Desloratadine, Cetirizine

Question 4

Benefits of 2nd generation over 1st generation H1 blockers

Answer 4

Less sedation

Question 5

Expectorant; thins respiratory secretions; does not suppress cough

Answer 5

Guaifenesin

Question 6

Mucolytic; can loosen mucous plugs in CF patients. Also an antidote for acetaminophen overdose

Answer 6

N-acetylcystine

Question 7

Antitussive (antagonistizes NMDA glutamate receptors); Synthetic codeine analog

Answer 7

Dextromethorphan

Question 8

Sympathomimetic alpha-agonist, nonprescription nasal decongestant

Answer 8

Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine

Question 9

Reduce hyperemia, edema, and nasal decongestion, open obstructed eustachian tubes

Answer 9

Pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine

Question 10

Illlicitly used to make methamphetamine

Answer 10

Pseudoephedrine

Question 11

Nasal decongestant that can cause CNS stimulation/anxiety

Answer 11

pseudoephedrine

Question 12

Toxicity of Pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine

Answer 12

HTN

Question 13

Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle (beta-2) during acute exacerbation

Answer 13

Albuterol

Question 14

Long-acting agents for prophylaxis of asthma

Answer 14

Salmeterol, Formoterol

Question 15

S/E of Salmeterol and Formoterol

Answer 15

Tremor and arrhythmia

Question 16

Likely causes bronchodilation by inhibiting phosphodiesterase, increasing cAMP levels due to decrease cAMP hydrolysis.

Answer 16

Theophylline (a methylxanthine)

Question 17

Blocks actions of adenosine

Answer 17

Theophylline (a methylxanthine)

Question 18

Usage is limited because of narrow therapeutic index; cardiotoxicty and neurotoxicity

Answer 18

Theophylline (a methylxanthine)

Question 19

competitive block of muscarinic receptors; preventing bronchoconstriction, used for COPD

Answer 19

Ipratropium and tiotropium

Question 20

Inactivate NF-KB, that transcription factor that induces the production of TNF-alpha and other inflammatory agents; 1st line therapy for chronic asthma

Answer 20

Corticosteroids like Beclomethasone, Fluticasone

Question 21

Blocks leukotriene receptors; Good for aspirin induced asthma

Answer 21

Montelukast, Zafirlukast

Question 22

5-lipoxygenase pathway inhibitor, blocks conversion of arachidonic acid to leukotrienes

Answer 22

Zileuton

Question 23

Monoclonal anti-IgE antibody; blocks serum IgE from binding FceRI

Answer 23

Omalizumab

Question 24

Used in allergic asthma resistant to inhaled steroids and long-acting beta2-agonist

Answer 24

Omalizumab

Question 25

Muscarinic receptor agonist used in bronchial provocation challenge to help diagnose asthma

Answer 25

Methocholine

Question 26

Used to treat pHTN; competitively antagonizes endothelin-1 receptors, decreases pulmonary vascular resistance

Answer 26

Bosentan