Restrictive - Features

Question 1

What is restrictive lung disease also known as?

Answer 1

Interstitial lung disease

Diffuse lung disease

Question 2

What is the interstitium?

Answer 2

CT space between alveoli and capillaries

Space between basement membranes of alveolar walls

Question 3

In normal alveoli - how do alveolar cells and basement membranes interact?

Answer 3

Usually in direct contact

Question 4

What is the effect of restrictive lung disease on lung function?

Answer 4

Reduced lung compliance
Reduced FV1 and FVC but FV1:FVC ratio stays normal
Reduced gas exchange
V/Q mismatch when small airways affected by pathology

Question 5

General presentations (symptom, investigations etc) of all interstitial lung diseases?

Answer 5

Abnormal CxR
Dyspnoea or rest/exertion
Respiratory failure type 1

Question 6

What are the causes on interstitial lung disease? Is it only lung based causes?

Answer 6

Lung - Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Not only lung though:

Pleura
Bone
Nerve/Muscle
Other - obesity, pregnancy

Question 7

What pleural causes are there?

Answer 7

Pleural effusion
Pleural thickening
Pneumothorax