Respiratory6

Question 1

What is Virchow’s Triad?

Answer 1

Stasis
Hypercoagulability
- defect in coagulation cascade proteins
Endothelial damage

Question 2

What is the most common coagulation cascade protein defect?

Answer 2

Factor V Leiden

Question 3

How does endothelial damage increase DVT?

Answer 3

Exposed collagen triggers clotting cascade

Question 4

What is Homan’s sign?

Answer 4

Dorsiflexion of foot –> Calf pain

also, squeezing calf –> pain

Question 5

What do you use for DVT prevention and acute management?

Answer 5

Heparin

Question 6

What do you use for long-term prevention of DVT recurrence?

Answer 6

Warfarin

Question 7

What are the 6 types of pulmonary emboli?

Answer 7

“FAT BAT”

Fat
Air
Thrombus
Bacteria
Amniotic fluid
Tumor

Question 8

What is the classic triad of a fat emboli?

What are they associated with?

Answer 8

Hypoxemia
Neurologic abnormalities
Petechial Rash

Long bone fractures & Liposuction

Question 9

What type of emboli can lead to DIC?

Answer 9

Amniotic fluid emboli

*Especially postpartum

Question 10

Where do 95% of pulmonary emboli arise?

Answer 10

Deep Leg Veins

Question 11

What is the imaging test of choice for a pulmonary emboli?

Answer 11

CT pulmonary angiography

Question 12

Histologically, how can you tell if a thrombi formed before death?

Answer 12

Lines of Zhan

- interdigitating areas of pink (platelets, fibrin) and red (RBCs)