Respiratory1 Flashcards
Anatomy
What are the two zones of the respiratory tree?
Conducting zone
Respiratory zone
What does the large airways consist of in the conducting zone?
Nose
Pharynx
Trachea
Bronchi
What does the Small airways consist of in the conducting zone?
Bronchioles
Terminal bronchioles
What is the function of the conducting zone?
Warms, Humidifies and Filters Air
*DOES NOT participate in gas exchange
What extends to the end of the bronchi?
Cartilage
Goblet cells
What extends to the end of the terminal bronchioles?
Psuedostratified ciliated columnar cells
- beat mucus up and out of lungs
Smooth Muscle of the airway walls
- Sparse beyond this point
What makes up the Respiratory zone?
Lung parenchyma; consisting of:
- Respiratory brionchioles
- Alveolar ducts
- Alveoli
What types of epithelia make up the respiratory zone?
Cuboidal cells in respiratory bronchioles
Simple squamous cells up to alveoli
- NO CILIA
What are the 3 types of pneumocytes?
Type I cells
Type II cells
Clara cells
Describe type I pneumocytes.
- 97% of alveolar surfaces
- Line the alveoli
- Squamous; thin for optimal gas diffusion
What cells secrete pulmonary surfactant?
Type II pneumocytes
Function of pulmonary surfactant.
DEcrease Alveolar Surface Tension
Prevent alveolar collapse (atelectasis)
What cells proliferate during lung damage?
Type II pneumocytes
Describe Clara cells.
Nonciliated; Columnar w/ secretory granules
Secrete component of Surfactant
Degrade toxins
Act as reserve cell
What is the equation for Collapsing Pressure (P)?
P = 2(surface tension)/radius
