Respiratory Workbook Dry Room Flashcards
which bones articulate with the manubrium at its superolateral angles?
clavicles
The clavicle articulates with the manubrium - what joint is this?
sternoclavicular joints
what type of joint is a sternoclavicular joint?
synovial saddle
What is the name given to the notch formed by the superior border of the manubrium?
Jugular Notch
AT what vertebral level is the Xiphoid process located?
T9-T10
At what level is the sternomanubrial joint located?
T5
Facets for the 2nd costal cartilage. With which component parts of the sternum do these articulate?
Manubrium
body of sternum
The bodies of which thoracic vertebra will the head of rib 7 articulate?
T6 and T7
With which thoracic vertebral structure does the tubercle of a typical rib articulate?
transverse process
Which structures lies in the costal groove?
ribs
intercostal nerves and vessels
Which ribs are true ribs?
1-7
Which ribs are false ribs?
8-12
Which ribs are floating ribs?
11-12
A true rib
articulates with a single vertebrae
A false rib
attaches to the sternum via cartilage
1st rib structure
short, wide, flat
1st ribs articulates with
only a single vertebra (T1)
Scalene tubercle
for the attachment of the anterior scalene muscle of the neck
(an accessory respiratory muscle)
Shape of typical thoracic vertebra
heart shaped
structures passing though the vertebra foramen
spinal cord
dura/arachnoid mater
structural aspects of the thoracic spinous process
non-bifid
sloped downwards
long
slender
typical rib articulates with which vertebrae?
one of the same number
one of the number immediately above
what structures of the vertebrae enclose the spinal cord?
lamina and pedicles
Bones forming the THORACIC INLET boundaries
T1
1st pair of ribs
manubrium
Bones form the THORACIC OUTLET boundaries
T12
Xiphoid proces
ribs 11-12
costal cartilage of ribs 7-10
Paired intercostal spaces contain:
3 intercostal muscles layers
intercostal nerve
intercostal vein
intercostal artery
Between which two intercostal muscles is the neurovascular bundle located?
internal and innermost
Which structures make the neurovascular bundle?
intercostal V-A-N
veins, arteries, nerves
Which area of the rib is the neurovascular bundle located?
costal groove
Each structure forming the neurovascular bundle in a particular intercostal space gives off a small collateral branch which is located
just above the top of each rib
Where would a chest drain needle be instered (to avoid neuro bundle)
between 6th rib and the mid-axillary line
5th intercostal space
9 tissues layers of the chest wall that the needle would need to penetrate
skin
superficial fascia
deep fascia
external intercostal muscles
internal intercostal muscles
innermost intercostal muscles
parietal pleura of the lung
pleural cavity
visceral pleura of the lung (needle shouldn’t go though this layers)
What is a dermatome?
Area of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve
At the sternal angle - dermatome C4 lies immediately above T2 (instead of C5). What explains this ‘discontinuity’ between the dermatomes on the chest wall at this level?
C5-C8 and T1
dermatome that lies over the sternal angle
T2
Dermatome that lies over the nipple area
T4
Dermatome that lies over the umbilicus
T10
Dermatome that lies over the groin
L1
What cardiac structure if firmly attached to the central tendon of the diaphragm?
fibrous pericardium
What membrane covers the superior surface of the diaphragm?
parietal pleura
What flower shape is the central tendon?
clover
To which tendon is the diaphragm attached?
central tendon
to which costal cartilage is the diaphragm attached?
7-10
to which part of the sternum is the diaphragm attached?
diploid process
Opening of diaphragm for the IVC at vertebral level
T8
Opening of diaphragm for the oesophagus at vertebral level
T10
Opening of diaphragm for the aorta at vertebral level
T12
Vagus nerves are …… than phrenic nerves
thicker
and they lie more medially
Phrenic nerves supply the
DIAPHRAGM
Why do the respiratory passages and lungs appear black on a CT scan?
Beauce gases are dark on CT scans
Oesophagus lies…… the trachea
behind
