Respiratory Anatomy

Question 1

Superior thoracic aperture refers to the

Answer 1

opening at the top of the thoracic cavity

Question 2

Thoracic inlet is bounded by:

Answer 2

the first thoracic vertebra (T1)

first pair of ribs

costal cartilage of the first rib and the superior border of the manubrium

Question 3

Costal Cartilage

Answer 3

bars of HYALINE cartilage

they prolong the ribs forward and contribute to the elasticity of the walls of the thorax

Question 4

1st rib shape

Answer 4

broad and flat

its surfaces look upwards and downwards

Question 5

the head of the 1st ribs possesses only a

Answer 5

single articular facet for articulation with the body of the first thoracic vertebra

Question 6

upper surface of the body of the 1st rib is marked by two shallow grooves separated by the…….
for the attachment of the……

Answer 6

scalene tubercle

anterior scalene muscle

Question 7

The anterior groove on the 1st ribs lodges the

Answer 7

subclavian vein

Question 8

the posterior groove on the body of the 1st rib lodges the

Answer 8

subclavian artery

and the lowest trunk of the brachial plexus

Question 9

the head of the rib articulates with the body of the thoracic vertebra

Answer 9

of the same number

Question 10

ribs and vertebra articulate at what joints?

Answer 10

costovertebral

synovial plane

Question 11

the inferior thoracic aperture (thoracic OUTLET) is bounded by:

Answer 11

12th thoracic vertebra (T12)

11th and 12th pairs of ribs laterally

costal cartilages of ribs 7 to 10 (and the xiphisternal joint)

Question 12

Thoracic outlet is separated from the abdominal cavity by the

Answer 12

thoracic-abdominal diaphragm

Question 13

Diaphragm

Answer 13

fibro-muscular membrane - stretched across the midline of the body

Question 14

Left side of the chest wall LYMPH drains to the ….. by the …..

Answer 14

thoracic duct

left brachiocephalic vein

Question 15

right side of the chest wall drains LYMPH to ….. via the….

Answer 15

right lymphatic duct

right brachiocephalic vein

Question 16

Smaller veins branching from azygous

Answer 16

hemi-azygous veins

Question 17

three peripheral attachments of the diaphragm

Answer 17

lumbar vertebrae (and arcuate ligaments)

costal cartilages of ribs 7-12

Xiphoid process of the sternum

Question 18

the one central attachment of the diaphragm is the

Answer 18

central tendon

Question 19

phrenic nerve roots

Answer 19

anterior rami of C3/ C4 and C5

Question 20

3 diaphragm hiastuses

Answer 20

the caval opening

oesophageal hiatus

aortic hiatus

Question 21

Caval opening is located through the

Answer 21

central tendon of the diaphragm at T8

Question 22

Caval opening transmits through it the

Answer 22

IVC

right phrenic nerve

Question 23

Oesophageal Hiatus is located through the

Answer 23

muscular sling of the right crus at T10

Question 24

Oesophageal hiatus lets though the

Answer 24

oesophagus and both vagus nerves

Question 25

the aortic hiatus is located through the

Answer 25

between the left and right crus

Question 26

aortic hiatus allows through the

Answer 26

aorta azygous vein hemi azygous vein thoracic duct

Question 27

Structures in upper respiratory system

Answer 27

all structures above the sternal angle nasal cavity pharynx Larynx

Question 28

structures in the Lower respiratory system

Answer 28

trachea bronchi bronchioles lungs

Question 29

Bronchial tree structures the conducting portion

Answer 29

trachea main bronchus lobar bronchus segmental bronchus conducting bronchiole terminal bronchiole

Question 30

Bronchial tree structures respiratory portion

Answer 30

respiratory bronchiole alveolar duct alveolar sac alveolus

Question 31

where is the larynx?

Answer 31

found in the anterior neck between C3 and C6 extends from the tip of the epiglottis to the inferior border of the cricoid cartilage (innervation - branches of vagus nerve)

Question 32

Lung hilum

Answer 32

area located on the medial surface of the lung

Question 33

lung root

Answer 33

the group of structures that enter or leave the lung hilum

Question 34

structures of the lung root

Answer 34

bronchus artery veins lymphatics nerves

Question 35

the right lung has an extra...

Answer 35

bronchus in hilum called the eparterial bronchus

Question 36

nerve supply of the parietal pleura

Answer 36

somatic nerves (IC, phrenic nerves) pain sensitive

Question 37

nerve supply of visceral pleura

Answer 37

autonomic nerves (T2-T5_ pain insensitive

Question 38

Pleural reflection

Answer 38

place at which parietal pleura changes its direction of travel

Question 39

Pleural recess

Answer 39

increased space between the layers of pleura occurring at the pleural reflections

Question 40

horizontal tissue location

Answer 40

follow line of 4th rib anteriorly

Question 41

oblique fissure location

Answer 41

begins at spine of T3 and follows the line of the 6th rib anteriorly