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Yr1-S2 - Anatomy > Respiratory Anatomy > Flashcards

Respiratory Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Superior thoracic aperture refers to the

A

opening at the top of the thoracic cavity

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2
Q

Thoracic inlet is bounded by:

A

the first thoracic vertebra (T1)

first pair of ribs

costal cartilage of the first rib and the superior border of the manubrium

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3
Q

Costal Cartilage

A

bars of HYALINE cartilage

they prolong the ribs forward and contribute to the elasticity of the walls of the thorax

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4
Q

1st rib shape

A

broad and flat

its surfaces look upwards and downwards

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5
Q

the head of the 1st ribs possesses only a

A

single articular facet for articulation with the body of the first thoracic vertebra

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6
Q

upper surface of the body of the 1st rib is marked by two shallow grooves separated by the…….
for the attachment of the……

A

scalene tubercle

anterior scalene muscle

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7
Q

The anterior groove on the 1st ribs lodges the

A

subclavian vein

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8
Q

the posterior groove on the body of the 1st rib lodges the

A

subclavian artery

and the lowest trunk of the brachial plexus

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9
Q

the head of the rib articulates with the body of the thoracic vertebra

A

of the same number

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10
Q

ribs and vertebra articulate at what joints?

A

costovertebral

synovial plane

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11
Q

the inferior thoracic aperture (thoracic OUTLET) is bounded by:

A

12th thoracic vertebra (T12)

11th and 12th pairs of ribs laterally

costal cartilages of ribs 7 to 10 (and the xiphisternal joint)

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12
Q

Thoracic outlet is separated from the abdominal cavity by the

A

thoracic-abdominal diaphragm

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13
Q

Diaphragm

A

fibro-muscular membrane - stretched across the midline of the body

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14
Q

Left side of the chest wall LYMPH drains to the ….. by the …..

A

thoracic duct

left brachiocephalic vein

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15
Q

right side of the chest wall drains LYMPH to ….. via the….

A

right lymphatic duct

right brachiocephalic vein

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16
Q

Smaller veins branching from azygous

A

hemi-azygous veins

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17
Q

three peripheral attachments of the diaphragm

A

lumbar vertebrae (and arcuate ligaments)

costal cartilages of ribs 7-12

Xiphoid process of the sternum

18
Q

the one central attachment of the diaphragm is the

A

central tendon

19
Q

phrenic nerve roots

A

anterior rami of C3/ C4 and C5

20
Q

3 diaphragm hiastuses

A

the caval opening

oesophageal hiatus

aortic hiatus

21
Q

Caval opening is located through the

A

central tendon of the diaphragm at T8

22
Q

Caval opening transmits through it the

A

IVC

right phrenic nerve

23
Q

Oesophageal Hiatus is located through the

A

muscular sling of the right crus at T10

24
Q

Oesophageal hiatus lets though the

A

oesophagus and both vagus nerves

25
Q

the aortic hiatus is located through the

A

between the left and right crus

26
Q

aortic hiatus allows through the

A

aorta

azygous vein

hemi azygous vein

thoracic duct

27
Q

Structures in upper respiratory system

A

all structures above the sternal angle

nasal cavity

pharynx

Larynx

28
Q

structures in the Lower respiratory system

A

trachea

bronchi

bronchioles

lungs

29
Q

Bronchial tree structures

the conducting portion

A

trachea

main bronchus

lobar bronchus

segmental bronchus

conducting bronchiole

terminal bronchiole

30
Q

Bronchial tree structures

respiratory portion

A

respiratory bronchiole

alveolar duct

alveolar sac

alveolus

31
Q

where is the larynx?

A

found in the anterior neck between C3 and C6

extends from the tip of the epiglottis to the inferior border of the cricoid cartilage

(innervation - branches of vagus nerve)

32
Q

Lung hilum

A

area located on the medial surface of the lung

33
Q

lung root

A

the group of structures that enter or leave the lung hilum

34
Q

structures of the lung root

A

bronchus

artery

veins

lymphatics

nerves

35
Q

the right lung has an extra…

A

bronchus in hilum called the eparterial bronchus

36
Q

nerve supply of the parietal pleura

A

somatic nerves (IC, phrenic nerves)

pain sensitive

37
Q

nerve supply of visceral pleura

A

autonomic nerves (T2-T5_

pain insensitive

38
Q

Pleural reflection

A

place at which parietal pleura changes its direction of travel

39
Q

Pleural recess

A

increased space between the layers of pleura occurring at the pleural reflections

40
Q

horizontal tissue location

A

follow line of 4th rib anteriorly

41
Q

oblique fissure location

A

begins at spine of T3 and follows the line of the 6th rib anteriorly

Yr1-S2 - Anatomy (13 decks)

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