Embryology 2 (cardio)

Question 1

Two methods blood vessels are developed by

Answer 1

angiogenesis

vasculogenesis

Question 2

angiogenesis

Answer 2

growth of blood vessels from pre-existing blood vessels

Question 3

vasculogenesis

Answer 3

new formation of a primitive vascular network

Question 4

The formation of the aortic sac is an extension of the

Answer 4

trunkus arteriosus

Question 5

The first arteries to appear in the embryo are the

Answer 5

right and left primitive aortae

Question 6

each primitive aorta has a ….. part and a …… part

Answer 6

ventral

dorsal

Question 7

After the fusion of two endocardial tubes - the two ventral aorta fuse to become the

Answer 7

aortic sac

Question 8

aortic braches arise from the

Answer 8

aortic sac

Question 9

pharyngeal arches (future neck) develop in weeks

Answer 9

4 and 5

Question 10

….. pairs of aortic arches develop from ……..

Answer 10

6

pharyngeal arch arteries

Question 11

All aortic arches terminate at the

Answer 11

dorsal aorta

Question 12

Fate of arch 1 and 2

Answer 12

disappear quickly

remnant of 1st forms part of the maxillary artery

Question 13

Fate of arch 3

Answer 13

internal carotid artery and
common carotids

(gets called the carotid arch)

Question 14

Fate of arch 4

Answer 14

right = right subclavian

left = aortic arch

Question 15

Fate of arch 5

Answer 15

nothing

Question 16

Fate of arch 6

Answer 16

right = right pulmonary artery

left= left pulmonary artery and ductus arterioles

Question 17

ductus arteriosus is obliterated in months 1 to 3 and becomes the

Answer 17

ligamentum arteriosum

Question 18

Great artery anomalies

Answer 18

aberrant subclavian artery

double aortic arch

patent ductus arteriosus

Question 19

patent ductus arteriosus

Answer 19

it fails to close after birth

difficulties breathing and eventually congestive heart failure

Question 20

Coarctation of aorta

Answer 20

aorta is narrow where the ligament arteriosus should be

Question 21

in the embryo - the vitelline arteries supply the

Answer 21

yolk sac

Question 22

in adults the vitelline arteries represent the

Answer 22

celiac artery (foregut)

superior mesenteric artery (midgut)

inferior mesenteric artery (handgun)

Question 23

Fate of umbilical arteries

proximal portion

distal portion

Answer 23

proximal - internal iliac and superior vesicle beaches

distal - degenerates and form umbilical arteries

Question 24

Vitelline veins carry blood from the ……. to the ……

Answer 24

yolk sac

sinus venous

Question 25

umbilical veins originate form ……. carry oxygenated blood to …….

Answer 25

chorionic villi of placenta

embryo

Question 26

cardinal veins drain the

Answer 26

body of the embryo

Question 27

cardinal veins form the

Answer 27

IVC and SVC

Question 28

venous sytem abnormalities

Answer 28

double IVC

no IVC

Left SVC

double SVC

Question 29

when does the lymphatic system develop?

Answer 29

end of the 6th week

Question 30

important structures in the transitional circulation are

Answer 30

ductus venous

oval foramen

ductus arteriosus

Question 31

ductus arteriosus becomes the

Answer 31

ligamentum ateriosum

Question 32

oval foramen after birth

Answer 32

closes (becomes septal structures)

Question 33

ductus venous becomes the

Answer 33

ligamentum venosum

Question 34

Patent ductus arteriosus is a frequent anomaly in females associated with

Answer 34

rubella infection in early pregnancy