Respiratory & Urinary Systems Flashcards
Lower Respiratory System?
Larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs.
Upper Respiratory System?
Nose, pharynx.
Conduction Portion?
Tubes (nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi).
Respiratory Portion?
Lung tissue with gas exchange.
Nasopharynx?
Upper pharynx, pharyngeal tonsils, Eustachian tubes.
Oropharynx?
Middle pharynx, palatine & lingual tonsils.
Laryngopharynx?
Lower pharynx, connects to esophagus & trachea.
True Vocal Cords?
Elastic ligament, vibrate sound waves, increase in pressure, increase in volume of sound.
Pitch?
Tension in cords, more taut gives higher pitch, thicker &I longer in males.
Trachea?
Air pipe, cartilage rings, cilia.
Parietal Pleural?
Lines cavity lungs are in.
Visceral Pleura?
Cover the lungs themselves.
Pleural Cavity?
Space between parietal and visceral pleura.
The Lungs - Base?
Bottom of lungs.
The Lungs - Apex?
Tops of lungs.
The Lungs - Hilus?
Where bronchi enter the lungs.
The Lungs - Fissures?
Separate the lobes of lungs.
The Lungs - Lobes?
Different regions of lung, 3 on right, 2 on left side.
Surfactant?
Lubricant, prevents lungs from adhering to themselves, develops at 36 weeks in fetus.
Respiratory Membrane?
Walk of alveoli is simple squamous, one side is capillary and the other side is alveoli for easy gas exchange.
Inspiration?
Inhale, breath in.
Expiration?
Exhale, breath out.
Quiet Inspiration Muscles?
Diaphragm, external intercostals.
Quiet Expiration Muscles?
Passive - by elastic recoil.
Forced Expiration Muscle?
Internal intercostals, external obliques, internal obliques, transverse abdominus, rectus abdominus.
Tidal Volume?
Volume of 1 breath, 600mL.
Inspiratory Reserve Volume?
Additional air inhale after normal inhalation.