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RESP > Respiratory Tract infections > Flashcards

Respiratory Tract infections Flashcards

1
Q

What type of infection is coryza (cold)?

A

Viral

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2
Q

What are its symptoms?

A

Sore throat, mild fever.

Complications- Sinusitis, acute bronchitis

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3
Q

Which viral agents can cause Coryza?

A
  • Adenovirus
  • Rhinovirus
  • Respiratory syncytial virus.
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4
Q

What happens in Quinsy?

A

Inflamed tonsil. Commonly caused by strep.

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5
Q

What is acute epiglottis?

A

Inflammation of epiglottus. Life threatening. Common in children.

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6
Q

What is acute bronchitis?

A

Self limiting inflammation of the bronchi/bronchioles.
Viral

Clinical features- cold, cough, productive, fever

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7
Q

Symptoms of COPD exacerbation.

A
  • Cough
  • Breathless
  • Wheezy.
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8
Q

What is pneumonia

A

Severe chest infection. Can only be diagnosed by CXR.

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9
Q

Appearance of pneumonia on CXR?

A

Consolidation

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10
Q

Classic symptoms of pneumonia?

A
  1. Pyrexia
  2. Cough (prod/non)
  3. Dyspnoea
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11
Q

Investigations for pneumonia?

A
  1. CXR
  2. Blood count
  3. Urea
  4. Sputum.
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12
Q

What is CURB65?

A 
Confusion
U rea >7mg
Resp rate > 30bpm
B lood pressure (Systolic <90. Diastolic < 61)
65- Age
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13
Q

What are the most common pathogens of pneumonia?

A
  1. Strep pneumoniae
  2. Staph aureus (Drug users)
  3. H influenzae
  4. Moraxella
    ABOVE Gram +

GRAM -

  1. Klebsiella
  2. E coli
  3. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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14
Q

Some uncommon pathogens for pneumonia?

A

Legionella

Mycoplasma

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15
Q

What common pathogens from pets can cause pneumonia?

A

BIRDS- Chlamydia psitacci

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16
Q

Community accquired management for pneumonia?

A
  1. Antibiotics- Amoxicillin, Doxycycline, Clarithromycin.
  2. Maintain o2 saturation
  3. Bed rest
17
Q

What are the common complications of pneumonia?

A
  1. Respiratory failure
  2. Pleural effusion
  3. Empyema
  4. Death
18
Q

A patient comes in with high fever, rapid onset and Herpes Liabialis. What is the most likely causative organism?

A

Streptococcus Pneumoniae (most common in pneumonia)

19
Q

Which pneumonia causing bacteria is associated with COPD?

A

H influenzae

20
Q

What type of infection often follows an influenza infection?

A

Satphylococcus Aureus

21
Q

What are the common clinical findings of Mycoplasma pneuomonia?

A

Atypical pneumonia

  1. Atypical chest Xray
  2. Dry cough
  3. Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia
  4. Erythema multiforme
22
Q

Hyponatraemia and lymphopenia is commonly seen in which organism?

A

Legionella Pneumoniae

23
Q

Klebsiella pneumonia is classically seen in which group of patients?

A

Alcoholics

24
Q

This organism causes pneumonia in patients with HIV?

A

Pneumocystis Jiroveci

RESP (25 decks)

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