Microbiology of Respiratory tract infection 1

Question 1

What are the symptoms of influenza?

Answer 1

1. High fever
2. Malaise
3. Myalgia
4. Headache
5. Cough

Question 2

Classical flu is caused by influenza _ and _ viruses.

Answer 2

A & B

Question 3

H. Influenza is a viral infection. T/F?

Answer 3

False- bacterial

Question 4

How does the flu transmit from one person to another?

Answer 4

Droplets or direct contact with their respiratory secretions

Question 5

What are the complications of flu? (4)

Answer 5

1. Primary influenzal pneumonia- seen in young, high mortality
2. Secondary bacterial pneumonia- infants, elderly
3. Bronchitis
4. Otitis media- infection of middle ear.

Question 6

Treatment for flu?

Answer 6

1. Symptomatic- bed rest, fluids, paracetamol

2. Anti-virals- oseltamivir, zanamivir

Question 7

Influenza A H5N1 is a highly pathogenic avian flu. T/F?

Answer 7

True

bird to human transmission

Question 8

What are the methods used to detect influenza?

Answer 8

1. Direct virus detection- PCR (nasopharyngeal , throat swab)
2. Antibody detection

Question 9

How is flu prevented?

Answer 9

Vaccination

Question 10

What are three uncommon pathogens that cause community acquired pneumonia (CAP)?

Answer 10

1. Mycoplasma- children + young adults
2. Coxiella burnetti- can also cause Q fever (unknown pyrexia)
3. Chlamydia psitacci

Question 11

Standard therapy for the 3 uncommon pathogens causing CAP?

Answer 11

Tetracycline and Macrolides (clarithromycin)

Question 12

Coxiella burnetti is spread from animals like _ and _

Answer 12

Sheep, goats

Question 13

Chlamydia psittaci is commonly spread by _.

Answer 13

Birds- parrots etc

Question 14

What are the symptoms of bronchiolitis?

Answer 14

1. High fever
2. Coryza
3. Cough
4. Wheeze

Question 15

Complications of bronchiolitis include _ and _ failure.

Answer 15

Respiratory and cardiac

Question 16

Two forms of chlamydia that can cause respiratory disease?

Answer 16

1. Chlamydia trochamatis- infantile pneumonia

2. Chlamydia pneumoniae- mostly mild respiratory infections