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anatomy > respiratory system(test) > Flashcards

respiratory system(test) Flashcards

1
Q

main function of the respiratory system

A

trying to get oxygen and get rid of CO2

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2
Q

what is ventilation

A

what we call breathing, moving air in and out

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3
Q

internal respiration

A

gas exchange between blood and all your cells

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4
Q

external respiration

A

exchanging gas between air in lungs and blood

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5
Q

protective function of respiratory system

A

mucus

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6
Q

dividing line between upper and lower respiratory tracts

A

larynx

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7
Q

upper tract

A

nose, pharynx

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8
Q

lower tract

A

larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, tubing in lungs

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9
Q

what divides nasal cavity into right and left side

A

nasal septem

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10
Q

inhaling through the nose is healthier because

A

the nose cleans and warms the air

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11
Q

functions of the nasal cavity

A

cleans the air
smell
quality of speech
humidify the air
warm the air

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12
Q

what structure connects directly to the nasal cavity?

A

sinuses

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13
Q

why does your nose run when you cry?

A

tear ducts in eyes drain to nose, so when cry tears was out mucus

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14
Q

where are your olfactory receptors

A

top of the nose

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15
Q

function of the conchae

A

swirl the air

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16
Q

what part of respiratory tract is also part of the digestive tract?

A

pharynx

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17
Q

what gland sits on the larynx

A

thyroid

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18
Q

what covers the trachea when you swallow

A

epiglottis

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19
Q

what structure vibrates to create sound

A

vocal cords

20
Q

what side of the trachea is not covered with cartilage ring

A

the posterior side

21
Q

when you get old, what lung volume increases

A

risidual

22
Q

what part of respiratory system does gas exchange happen in?

A

alveoli

23
Q

which air passage way has the largest diameter

A

trachea

24
Q

what allows bronchioles to get skinnier

A

smooth muscle

25
Q

function of ciliated cells

A

act like mucus elevator

26
Q

which lung has two lobes

A

left

27
Q

which lung has more sections

A

right

28
Q

highest level that can be performed without a significant change in blood pH is called…

A

…anaerobic threshold

29
Q

two muscles that work to inhale

A

diaphragm and external intercostals

30
Q

name of membranes around the lungs

A

visceral and pariatal

31
Q

main thing that maintains breathing rate

A

CO2

32
Q

how many blood pathways go to the lungs

A

2

33
Q

what is the surfactant

A

fluid that is in the alveoli to keep the alveoli from sticking together

34
Q

ventilation is breathing, but what gets air into the lungs

A

when the chest cavity gets bigger, it creates a vacuum in the cavity. the pressure inside decreases, and is less that outside, so the air moves in

35
Q

predominant way that CO2 moves through the blood

A

bicarbonate anion

36
Q

what can be done to increase vital capacity

A

exercise

37
Q

if blow out all air, what is the little bit left called

A

residual volume

38
Q

why does oxygen and carbon dioxide move

A

diffusion

39
Q

true or false…Gas exchange in the respiratory zone will increase when increase the fluid in the alveoli

A

false…too much fluid in the alveoli, then it slows things down

40
Q

true or false…rate of gas exchange will increase if membrane is thicker

A

false…thicker membrane slows it down

41
Q

true or false…gas exchange rate will increase with more surface area

A

true…the more functional alveoli there are, the more oxygen- carbon-dioxide exchanged at a time

42
Q

how does carbon monoxide effect red blood cells

A

it sticks to hemoglobin so oxygen can’t, causing you to suffocate

43
Q

what disease results in a decrease in surface area because some alveoli have been destroyed

A

emphysema

44
Q

main way oxygen moves in red bllod cells

A

in the blood on hemoglobin

45
Q

what is the volume of air called that is an extra inhale

A

inspiratory reserve

46
Q

what is the volume of air called that is a normal breath

A

tidal volume

47
Q

what is the volume of air called that is an extra exhale after a normal breath

A

expiratory reserve

anatomy (8 decks)

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