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Medical Terminology > Respiratory System: Diseases, Conditions, and Procedures > Flashcards

Respiratory System: Diseases, Conditions, and Procedures Flashcards

1
Q

crackle

A

also called rale
abnormal breath sound

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2
Q

rhonchus

A

abnormal breath sounds

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3
Q

stridor

A

high-pitched, harsh, abnormal breath sounds

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4
Q

wheeze

A

whistling or sighing abnormal breath sounds

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5
Q

acidosis

A

excessive acidity of body fluids

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6
Q

anosmia

A

absence of the sense of smell

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7
Q

apnea

A

also called sleep apnea

not breathing

disorder in which breathing stops repeatedly during sleeping

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8
Q

central sleep apnea (CSA)

A

a form of sleep apnea that occurs when the brain fails to stimulate breathing muscles, causing brief pauses in breathing

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9
Q

obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)

A

most common form of sleep apnea caused by upper airway blockage

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10
Q

mixed apnea

A

type of sleep apnea that occurs when central sleep apnea and obstructive sleep apnea occur simultaneously

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11
Q

atelectasis

A

incomplete expansion of the lung

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12
Q

coryza

A

also called rhinitis
acute inflammation of the membrane of the nose

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13
Q

croup

A

inflammation of the larynx, trachea, bronchial passages, and, sometimes, the lungs

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14
Q

laryngotracheitis

A

inflammation of the larynx and trachea

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15
Q

laryngotracheobronchitis

A

inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi

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16
Q

cystic fibrosis

A

life-threatening genetic disease that causes thickness and stickiness of the mucus, which plugs tubes and ducts, especially in the lungs and pancreas

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17
Q

deviated nasal septum

A

displacement of the cartilage that divides the nostrils

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18
Q

epiglottitis

A

inflammation of the epiglottis

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19
Q

epistaxis

A

also called nosebleed
nasal hemorrhage

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20
Q

hypoxemia

A

oxygen deficiency in arterial blood

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21
Q

hypoxia

A

oxygen deficiency in the body or a region of the body that commonly causes cyanosis

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22
Q

influenza

A

also called flu
viral disorder of the respiratory tract, characterized by weakness, fever, chills, and muscle pain

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23
Q

pertussis

A

also called whooping cough
acute, infectious disease characterized by a cough that has a unique “whoop” sound

24
Q

pleural effusion

A

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity

25
Q

empyema

A

effusion characterized by the collection of pus in the pleural cavity

26
Q

pneumothorax

A

presence of air in the pleural cavity

27
Q

pleurisy

A

also called pleuritis
inflammation of the pleural membrane

28
Q

pulmonary edema

A

accumulation of fluid in lung tissues and alveoli

29
Q

pulmonary embolism (PE)

A

blockage in an artery of the lungs

30
Q

sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

A

also called crib death
sudden and unexplained death of an apparently healthy infant, usually younger than 12 months

31
Q

tuberculosis (TB)

A

abnormal condition of swelling

32
Q

Mantoux test

A

tuberculosis screening test

33
Q

oximetry

A

also called pulse oximetry
noninvasive method of monitoring the percentage of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen

34
Q

polysomnography

A

process of recording sleep
(test of sleep cycles and stages using various equipment)

35
Q

pulmonary function tests (PFTs)

A

series of tests to aid in the diagnosis of lung diseases and evaluate effectiveness of treatments

36
Q

spirometry

A

PFT that measures how much and how quickly air moves in and out of the lungs

37
Q

bronchoscopy

A

visual examination of the bronchi

38
Q

laryngoscopy

A

visual examination of the larynx

39
Q

mediastinoscopy

A

visual examination of the mediastinal structures

40
Q

arterial blood gas (ABG)

A

test that measures dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide in arterial blood

41
Q

sputum culture

A

testing the sputum (a mixture of saliva and mucus) to identify disease-causing organisms of the lower respiratory tract

42
Q

sweat test

A

measurement of the amount of salt in sweat used to diagnose cystic fibrosis

43
Q

throat culture

A

test to detect the presence of microorganisms in the throat

44
Q

chest x-ray (CXR)

A

radiographic images of the chest to identify lung conditions

45
Q

computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA)

A

imagining that uses computed tomography to produce images of the pulmonary arteries that appear as cuts or slices

46
Q

ventilation-perfusion scan (V-Q)

A

also called V-Q lung scan
a test to diagnose pulmonary embolism by evaluating ventilation (airflow) and perfusion (blood flow)

47
Q

pneumonectomy

A

excision of a lung

48
Q

septoplasty

A

surgical repair of the septum

49
Q

thoracentesis

A

also called pleurocentesis or thoracocentesis
surgical puncture of the pleural cavity

50
Q

tracheostomy

A

forming an opening in the trachea

51
Q

aerosol therapy

A

lung treatment that delivers medication in mist form directly to the lungs or air passageways

52
Q

antral lavage

A

washing or irrigating the paranasal sinuses

53
Q

endotracheal intubation

A

a procedure in which a plastic tube is inserted into the trachea to maintain an open airway

54
Q

postural drainage

A

method of positioning a patient so that gravity aids in the drainage of secretions from the bronchi and lobes of the lungs to make breathing easier

55
Q

antibiotics

A

medication that destroys the growth of microorganisms

56
Q

antitussives

A

a medicine that stops coughing

57
Q

bronchodilators

A

a medicine that relaxes the bronchial muscles and expands air passages

Medical Terminology (14 decks)

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