Digestive System: Diseases, Conditions, and Procedures Flashcards
gastroenterology
branch of medicine concerned with digestive diseases
gastroenterologist
the physician who specializes in diagnosis and treatment of digestive disorders (but does not perform surgeries)
anorexia
lack or loss of appetite, resulting in the inability to eat
appendicitis
inflammation of the appendix, usually caused by obstruction or infection
ascites
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity
borborygmus
rumbling or gurgling noises that are audible at a distance
cachexia
physical wasting that includes loss of weight and muscle mass
cholelithiasis
gallstones in the gallbladder
cirrhosis
abnormal yellowing of the skin as a result of liver disease
Crohn disease
(also called regional enteritis)
form of inflammatory bowl disease (IBD), usually of the ileum but might affect any part of the intestinal tract
dysentery
inflammation of the intestine caused by water or food that contains parasites, chemical irritants, or bacteria
flatus
gas in the GI tract expelled from a body orifice, usually the anus
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus as a result of a malfunction of the cardiac sphincter muscle
halitosis
foul-smelling breath
hematemesis
vomiting of blood
hemorrhoids
swollen varicose veins in the anorectal region
intestinal obstruction
mechanical or functional blockage of the intestines
irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
(also called spastic colon)
symptom complex marked by abdominal pain and altered bowel function for which no organic cause can be determined
malabsorption syndrome
the impaired passage of nutrients, minerals, or fluids through the intestine into the blood