Blood, Lymphatic, and Immune Systems: Diseases, Conditions, and Procedures Flashcards
aplastic (hypoplastic) anemia
a serious form of anemia associated with bone marrow failure
folic-acid deficiency anemia
a form of anemia caused by the lack of folic acid
hemolytic anemia
destruction of red blood cells
iron-deficiency anemia
lack of sufficient iron in red blood cells
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
infectious disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
coagulation disorders
impairment in the ability to form blood clots or control bleeding
disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
abnormal blood clotting in small vessels throughout the body
hemophilia
(also called bleeder’s disease)
congenital hereditary disorder characterized by a deficiency in clotting factor
thrombocytopenia
abnormal decrease in platelets
graft rejection
process in which a recipient’s immune system identifies the transplanted graft as a foreign substance and attacks or destroys it
hemoglobinopathy
any disorder caused by abnormalities in the hemoglobin molecule
lymphedema
swelling, primarily in a single arm or leg, resulting from an accumulation of lymph within tissues caused by obstruction or disease in the lymph vessels
lymphoma
tumor of the lymph
multiple myeloma
tumor of the bone marrow in more than one location
sepsis
(also called septicemia or blood poisoning)
presence of bacteria or their toxins in the blood
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
a widespread autoimmune disease that affects the skin, brain, kidneys, and joints and causes chronic inflammation
thrombocythemia
overproduction of platelets
antinuclear antibody (ANA)
test that identifies the antibodies* that attack the nucleus of the individual’s own body cells
*these antibodies are called autoantibodies
blood culture
test to determine the presence of pathogens in the bloodstream
complete blood count (CBC)
(also called hemogram)
broad screening test used to evaluate red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
bone marrow magnetic resonance imaging
highly sensitive imagine procedure that produces images of the bone tissue and bone marrow
lymphangiography
visualization of lymph channels and lymph nodes using a contrast medium
bone marrow aspiration
removal of bone marrow (usually from the pelvis) for microscopic examination using a thin aspirating needle
bone marrow transplant (BMT)
(also called stem cells transplant)
infusion of healthy bone marrow stem cells after destroying the diseased bone marrow
lymphadenectomy
removal of lymph nodes
sentinel node excision
removal of the first node (sentinel node) that receives drainage from cancer-containing areas and the one most likely to contain malignant cells
immunotherapy
(also called biological therapy)
any form of treatment that alters, enhances, stimulates, or restores the body’s own natural immune mechanisms to treat diseases
transfusion
infusion of blood or blood products from one person (donor) to another (recipient)
antimicrobials
a medicine that destroys bacteria, fungi, and protozoa
immunosuppressants
a medicine that suppresses the body’s natural immune response
thrombolytics
a medicine that dissolves blood clots
