Diseases and Conditions Flashcards
adhesion
abnormal fibrous band that holds or binds together tissues that are normally separated as a result of surgery
edema
abnormal accumulation of fluid within tissue spaces
febrile
having or showing symptoms of a fever
gangrene
death and decay of soft tissue
hernia
protrusion of any organ through the structure that normally contains it
inflammation
body defense usually marked by redness, swelling, heat, pain, and sometimes loss of function
mycosis
fungal infection
perforation
hole that completely penetrates a structure
peritonitis
inflammation of the peritoneum usually caused by bacteria or fungi
rupture
sudden breaking or bursting of a structure or organ
septicemia
(also known as sepsis or blood poisoning)
severe bacterial infection of the tissues that spreads to the blood
suppuration
process of forming pus
inspection
general observation of the patient
palpation
gentle application of the hands to a specific structure or body area
percussion
tapping a body structure with the hand or fingers to assess consistency and the presence or absence of fluids within the underlying structure
ausculation
listening to the heart, bowel, and lungs, with or without a stethoscope to assess the presence and quality of sounds
endoscopy
visual examination of a body cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument called an endoscope
blood chemistry analysis
laboratory test to determine the biochemical imbalances, abnormalities, and nutritional conditions
complete blood count (CBC)
broad screening test used to evaluate red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
computed tomography (CT)
imaging technique that rotates an x-ray emitter around the area to be evaluated
images appear like slices
fluoroscopy
technique in which x-rays are directed through the body to a fluorescent screen
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
technique that uses radio waves and a strong magnetic field to produce highly-detailed views of soft tissues
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
technique that uses radio waves and a strong magnetic field to produce highly-detailed views of soft tissues
nuclear scan
technique in which radioactive material is used to produce images of organs and structures
positron emission tomography (PET)
x-ray technique that uses radioactive material to produce images of body tissues
single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
x-ray technique that uses radioactive material injected into the bloodstream to visualize blood flow to tissues and organs
radiography
technique in which x-rays are passed through the body and captured on a film to generate an image
ultrasonography (US)
also known as ultrasound, sonography, or echo
high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) are directed at soft tissue and reflected as echoes to produce an image of an internal body structure
biopsy
removal of a representative tissue sample from a body site for microscopic examination to establish a diagnosis
excisional biopsy
biopsy in which the entire lesion is removed
incisional biopsy
biopsy in which only a small sample of the lesion is removed
ablation
removal of a body part, pathway, or function by surgery, electrocautery, chemical destruction, freezing, or radio frequency
anastomosis
surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another
what are the three types of anastomosis?
1- end-to-end anastomosis
2- end-to-side anastomosis
3- side-to-side anastomosis
curettage
scraping of a body cavity with a spoon-shaped instrument called a curette
electrocauterization
use of an electrically activated instrument to burn and destroy diseased tissue
incision and drainage (I&D)
incision made to allow the free flow of fluids and pus from a wound, abscess, or body cavity
laser surgery
use of a high-intensity laser light beam to remove diseased tissue, to stop bleeding, or for cosmetic purposes
revision
surgical procedure used to replace or compensate for a previously implanted device or correct an undesirable result or effect of a previous surgery
