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Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonists Examples

A

Albuterol
Formoterol
Salmeterol
Terbutaline

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2
Q

Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonist Precautions

A

contraindicated for clients with tachydysrhythmias
use caution with diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, heart disease, hypertension, angina
beta blockers will reduce effects
MAOIs will increase effects

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3
Q

Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonist Complications

A

tachycardia
palpitations
tremors

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4
Q

Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonists Administration

A

use caution against using more frequently than every 12 hrs

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5
Q

Methylxanthines Examples

A

aminophylline

theophylline

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6
Q

Methylxanthines indications

A

relief of bronchospasm

long term control of asthma

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7
Q

Methylxanthines Precautions

A

Contraindicated with acitve peptic ulcer disease
Use caution with diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, heart disease, hypertension, angina
Phenobarbital and phenytoin decrease theophylline levels
caffeine, furosemide, cimetidine, fluoroquinolones, acetaminophen, phenylbutazone falsely elevate therapeutic levels

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8
Q

Methylxanthines Complications

A

Irritability and restlessness

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9
Q

Methylxanthines Administration

A 
monitor therapeutic levels for aminophylline and theophylline
avoid caffeine intake
monitor for signs of toxicity
smoking will decrease effects
alcohol abuse will increase effects
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10
Q

Methylxanthines Toxicity

A

Symptoms: tachycardia, tachypnea, seizures

Treatment: stop parenteral infusion, activated charcoal for oral overdose, lidocaine for dysrhythmias, diazepam to control seizures

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11
Q

Inhaled Anticholinergics Examples

A

Ipratropium

Tiotropium

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12
Q

Inhaled Anticholinergics Indications

A

prevent bronchospasm
manage allergen or exercise induced asthma
COPD

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13
Q

Inhaled Anticholinergics Precautions

A

contraindicated for clients with peanut allergy
use caution with narrow angle glaucoma and BPH
do not use for treatment of acute bronchospasms

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14
Q

Inhaled Anticholinergics Complications

A

dry mouth and eyes

urinary retention

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15
Q

Inhaled Anticholinergics Administration

A

maximum effects may take up to 2 weeks
shake inhaler well before administration
when using two different inhaled medications, wait 5 minutes between
if administered via nebulizer, use within 1 hour of reconstitution

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16
Q

Inhaled Glucocorticoids Examples

A

Beclomethasone
Budesonide
Fluticasone
Triamcinolone

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17
Q

Inhaled Glucocorticoids Indications

A

acute asthma

chronic asthma

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18
Q

Inhaled Glucocorticoids Precautions

A

do not stop medication abruptly

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19
Q

Inhaled Glucocorticoids Complications

A 
euphoria, insomnia, psychotic behavior
hyperglycemia
peptic ulcer
fluid retention
withdrawal symptoms
increased appetite
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20
Q

Inhaled Glucocorticoids Administration

A

diabetes mellitus may require higher doses

do not take with NSAIDs

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21
Q

Leukotriene Modifiers Examples

A

Montelukast
Zileuton
Zafirlukast

22
Q

Leukotriene Modifiers Indications

A

long term asthma management

prevention of exercise induced bronchospasm

23
Q

Leukotriene Precautions

A 
Do not use for acute asthma attack
monitor for risk of liver disease
chewable tablets contain phenylalanine
warfarin and theophylline toxicity
may increase levels of beta blockers leading to hypotension and bradycardia
24
Q

Leukotriene Modifiers Complications

A

elevated liver enzymes

25
Leukotriene Modifiers Administration
Do not stop abruptly take daily in the evening do not decrease or stop taking other prescribed asthma drugs until instructed
26
Antitussives Examples
hydrocodone | codeine
27
Antitussives Indications
chronic nonproductive cough
28
Antitussives Precautions
do not use in children under 2 opioids have potential for abuse use caution with OTC medications
29
Antitussives Complications
drowsiness dizziness constipation
30
Antitussives Administration
monitor cough frequency, effort, ability to expectorate monitor secretions auscultate for adventitious lung sounds promote fluid intake
31
Expectorants Examples
Guaifenesin
32
Expectorants Indication
often combined with other agents to manage respiratory disorders
33
Expectorants Precautions
do not use in children under 2 | use caution with OTC medications
34
Expectorants Complications
drowsiness dizziness constipation
35
Expectorants Administration
monitor cough frequency, effort, ability to expectorate monitor secretions auscultate for adventitious lung sounds promote fluid intake
36
Mucolytics Examples
acetylcysteine | hypertonic saline
37
Mucolytics Indications
acute and chronic pulmonary disorders with copious secretions cystic fibrosis acetylcysteine antidote for acetaminophen poisoning
38
Mucolytics Precautions
saline solutions only for children under 2 | use caution with OTC medications
39
Mucolytics Complications
drowsiness dizziness aspiration and bronchospasm constipation
40
Mucolytics Administration
monitor cough frequency, effort, ability to expectorate monitor secretions auscultate for adventitious lung sounds promote fluid intake
41
Decongestants Examples
phenylnephrine pseudoephedrine naphazoline
42
Decongestants Indications
allergic rhinitis sinusitis common cold
43
Decongestants Precautions
use caution in clients with HTN, glaucoma, peptic ulcer disease, urinary retention children may have symptoms of excitation, hallucinations, incoordination, seizures avoid alcohol intake products taking pseudoephedrine should not be used longer than 7 days
44
Decongestants Complication
anticholinergic effects | drowsiness
45
Decongestants Administration
Assess for hypokalemia monitor blood pressure teach clients to manage anticholinergic effects advise to take at night
46
Antihistamines examples
``` diphenhydramine loratadine cetirizine fexofenadine desloratadine ```
47
Antihistamine Indications
relieve/prevent hypersensitivity reactions
48
Antihistamine Precautions
use caution in clients with HTN, glaucoma, peptic ulcer disease, urinary retention children may have symptoms of excitation, hallucinations, incoordination, seizures avoid alcohol intake products taking pseudoephedrine should not be used longer than 7 days
49
Antihistamine Complications
anticholinergic effects | drowsiness
50
Antihistamine Administration
Assess for hypokalemia monitor blood pressure teach clients to manage anticholinergic effects advise to take at night

Pharmacology (14 decks)

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