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Pharmacology > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonists Examples

A

Albuterol
Formoterol
Salmeterol
Terbutaline

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2
Q

Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonist Precautions

A

contraindicated for clients with tachydysrhythmias
use caution with diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, heart disease, hypertension, angina
beta blockers will reduce effects
MAOIs will increase effects

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3
Q

Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonist Complications

A

tachycardia
palpitations
tremors

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4
Q

Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonists Administration

A

use caution against using more frequently than every 12 hrs

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5
Q

Methylxanthines Examples

A

aminophylline

theophylline

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6
Q

Methylxanthines indications

A

relief of bronchospasm

long term control of asthma

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7
Q

Methylxanthines Precautions

A

Contraindicated with acitve peptic ulcer disease
Use caution with diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, heart disease, hypertension, angina
Phenobarbital and phenytoin decrease theophylline levels
caffeine, furosemide, cimetidine, fluoroquinolones, acetaminophen, phenylbutazone falsely elevate therapeutic levels

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8
Q

Methylxanthines Complications

A

Irritability and restlessness

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9
Q

Methylxanthines Administration

A 
monitor therapeutic levels for aminophylline and theophylline
avoid caffeine intake
monitor for signs of toxicity
smoking will decrease effects
alcohol abuse will increase effects
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10
Q

Methylxanthines Toxicity

A

Symptoms: tachycardia, tachypnea, seizures

Treatment: stop parenteral infusion, activated charcoal for oral overdose, lidocaine for dysrhythmias, diazepam to control seizures

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11
Q

Inhaled Anticholinergics Examples

A

Ipratropium

Tiotropium

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12
Q

Inhaled Anticholinergics Indications

A

prevent bronchospasm
manage allergen or exercise induced asthma
COPD

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13
Q

Inhaled Anticholinergics Precautions

A

contraindicated for clients with peanut allergy
use caution with narrow angle glaucoma and BPH
do not use for treatment of acute bronchospasms

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14
Q

Inhaled Anticholinergics Complications

A

dry mouth and eyes

urinary retention

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15
Q

Inhaled Anticholinergics Administration

A

maximum effects may take up to 2 weeks
shake inhaler well before administration
when using two different inhaled medications, wait 5 minutes between
if administered via nebulizer, use within 1 hour of reconstitution

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16
Q

Inhaled Glucocorticoids Examples

A

Beclomethasone
Budesonide
Fluticasone
Triamcinolone

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17
Q

Inhaled Glucocorticoids Indications

A

acute asthma

chronic asthma

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18
Q

Inhaled Glucocorticoids Precautions

A

do not stop medication abruptly

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19
Q

Inhaled Glucocorticoids Complications

A 
euphoria, insomnia, psychotic behavior
hyperglycemia
peptic ulcer
fluid retention
withdrawal symptoms
increased appetite
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20
Q

Inhaled Glucocorticoids Administration

A

diabetes mellitus may require higher doses

do not take with NSAIDs

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21
Q

Leukotriene Modifiers Examples

A

Montelukast
Zileuton
Zafirlukast

22
Q

Leukotriene Modifiers Indications

A

long term asthma management

prevention of exercise induced bronchospasm

23
Q

Leukotriene Precautions

A 
Do not use for acute asthma attack
monitor for risk of liver disease
chewable tablets contain phenylalanine
warfarin and theophylline toxicity
may increase levels of beta blockers leading to hypotension and bradycardia
24
Q

Leukotriene Modifiers Complications

A

elevated liver enzymes

25
Q

Leukotriene Modifiers Administration

A

Do not stop abruptly
take daily in the evening
do not decrease or stop taking other prescribed asthma drugs until instructed

26
Q

Antitussives Examples

A

hydrocodone

codeine

27
Q

Antitussives Indications

A

chronic nonproductive cough

28
Q

Antitussives Precautions

A

do not use in children under 2
opioids have potential for abuse
use caution with OTC medications

29
Q

Antitussives Complications

A

drowsiness
dizziness
constipation

30
Q

Antitussives Administration

A

monitor cough frequency, effort, ability to expectorate
monitor secretions
auscultate for adventitious lung sounds
promote fluid intake

31
Q

Expectorants Examples

A

Guaifenesin

32
Q

Expectorants Indication

A

often combined with other agents to manage respiratory disorders

33
Q

Expectorants Precautions

A

do not use in children under 2

use caution with OTC medications

34
Q

Expectorants Complications

A

drowsiness
dizziness
constipation

35
Q

Expectorants Administration

A

monitor cough frequency, effort, ability to expectorate
monitor secretions
auscultate for adventitious lung sounds
promote fluid intake

36
Q

Mucolytics Examples

A

acetylcysteine

hypertonic saline

37
Q

Mucolytics Indications

A

acute and chronic pulmonary disorders with copious secretions
cystic fibrosis
acetylcysteine antidote for acetaminophen poisoning

38
Q

Mucolytics Precautions

A

saline solutions only for children under 2

use caution with OTC medications

39
Q

Mucolytics Complications

A

drowsiness
dizziness
aspiration and bronchospasm
constipation

40
Q

Mucolytics Administration

A

monitor cough frequency, effort, ability to expectorate
monitor secretions
auscultate for adventitious lung sounds
promote fluid intake

41
Q

Decongestants Examples

A

phenylnephrine
pseudoephedrine
naphazoline

42
Q

Decongestants Indications

A

allergic rhinitis
sinusitis
common cold

43
Q

Decongestants Precautions

A

use caution in clients with HTN, glaucoma, peptic ulcer disease, urinary retention
children may have symptoms of excitation, hallucinations, incoordination, seizures
avoid alcohol intake
products taking pseudoephedrine should not be used longer than 7 days

44
Q

Decongestants Complication

A

anticholinergic effects

drowsiness

45
Q

Decongestants Administration

A

Assess for hypokalemia
monitor blood pressure
teach clients to manage anticholinergic effects
advise to take at night

46
Q

Antihistamines examples

A 
diphenhydramine
loratadine
cetirizine
fexofenadine
desloratadine
47
Q

Antihistamine Indications

A

relieve/prevent hypersensitivity reactions

48
Q

Antihistamine Precautions

A

use caution in clients with HTN, glaucoma, peptic ulcer disease, urinary retention
children may have symptoms of excitation, hallucinations, incoordination, seizures
avoid alcohol intake
products taking pseudoephedrine should not be used longer than 7 days

49
Q

Antihistamine Complications

A

anticholinergic effects

drowsiness

50
Q

Antihistamine Administration

A

Assess for hypokalemia
monitor blood pressure
teach clients to manage anticholinergic effects
advise to take at night

Pharmacology (14 decks)

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