Respiratory System

Question 1

Asthma > Signs & Sx

Answer 1

• wheezing • prolonged expiration • difficulty breathing • cough • SoB

Question 2

Asthma Inhalers > Short Acting Bronchodilators

Answer 2

• immediate symptom relief
• albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin)
• pirbuterol (Maxair)

Question 3

Asthma Inhalers > Long Acting Bronchodilators

Answer 3

• up to 12 hrs of Sx relief
• salmeterol (Serevent)
• formoterol (Foradil)

Question 4

Asthma Inhalers > Corticosteroids

Answer 4

• long term prevention of Sx, may take up to 7 days for peak effectiveness
• beclomethasone (QVAR)
• fluticasone (Flovent)
• budesonide (Pulmicort)
• triamcinolone acetonide (Azmacort)
• flunisolide (AeroBid)

Question 5

Asthma Inhalers > Nonsteroidal

Answer 5

• long term prevention of inflammation

* Cromolyn, nedocromil

Question 6

Asthma Inhalers > Corticosteroids + Bronchodilators

Answer 6

• long acting combination

* Advair

Question 7

Emphysema

Answer 7

•characterized by loss of elasticity of the LU tissue, destruction of structures supporting the alveoli, & destruction of capillaries feeding the alveoli

Question 8

Emphesema > Symptoms

Answer 8

• SoB on exertion • hypoventilation • an expanded chest

* clubbing of the fingers d/t long standing hypoxia (w/ progression of disease)

Question 9

Chronic Bronchitis

Answer 9

• not necessarily caused by infection & is generally part of syndrome called COPD
• defined as persistent cough that produces sputum for at least 3 months in 2 consecutive years

Question 10

Chronic Bronchitis > Signs & Symptoms

Answer 10

• productive cough • dyspnea • cyanosis • use of accessory muscles for breathing • pulmonary hypertension

Question 11

Pulmonary Volumes

Answer 11

Total LU Capacity : 6000 ml
Vital Capacity : 4800 ml
Inspiratory Reserve Volume : 3300 ml
Tidal Volume : 500 ml
Expiratory Volume : 1000 ml
Residual Volume : 1200 ml
Inspiratory Capacity : 3800 ml
Functional Residual Capacity : 2200 ml

Question 12

Asthma > Triggers

Answer 12

• resp infections • cigarette smoke • allergic reactions • pollutants
• exercise • cold environments • stress