Respiratory System Flashcards
Respiratory System
adenoiditis
inflammation of the adenoids
Respiratory System
alveolitis
inflammation of the alveolus
Respiratory System
atelectasis
incomplete expansion of the lung or portion of the lung
Respiratory System
bronchiectasis
dilation of the bronchi
Respiratory System
bronchitis
inflammation of the bronchi
Respiratory System
bronchogenic carcinoma
cancerous tumor originating in a bronchus
Respiratory System
bronchopneumonia
diseased state of the bronchi and lungs (normally caused by infection)
Respiratory System
diaphragmatocele (di-a-frag-MAT-o-sel)
Hernia of the diaphragm
Respiratory System
Epiglottitis
inflammation of the epiglottis
Respiratory System
hemothorax
blood in the chest (pleural space)
Respiratory System
laryngitis
inflammation of the larynx
Respiratory System
laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) la-ring-go-tra-ke-o-bron-KI-tos
inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi (the acute form is called croup)
Respiratory System
lobar pneumonia
pertianing to the lobes, diseased state of the lung
Respiratory System
nasopharyngitis
inflammation of the nose and pharynx
Respiratory System
pansinusitis
inflammation of the sinus
Respiratory System
pharyngitis
inflammation of the pharynx
Respiratory System
pleuritis
inflammation of the pleura
Respiratory System
pneumatocele
hernia of the lung
Respiratory System
pneumoconiosis
abnormal condition of dust in the lungs
Respiratory System
pneumonia
diseased state of the lung
Respiratory System
pneumonitis
inflammation of the lung
Respiratory System
pneumothorax
air in the chest (pleural space), which causes collapse of the lung
Respiratory System
pulmonary neoplasm
pertaining to the lung, new growth (tumor)
Respiratory System
pyothorax
pus in the chest
Respiratory System
rhinitis
inflammation of the nose
Respiratory System
rhinomycosis
abnormal condition of fungus in the nose
Respiratory System
rhinorrhagia
rapid flow of blood from the nose
Respiratory System
thoracalgia
pain in the chest
Respiratory System
tonsillitis
inflammation of the tonsils
Respiratory System
tracheitis
inflammation of the trachea
Respiratory System
tracheostenosis
narrowing of the trachea
Respiratory System
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
respiratory failure as a result of disease or injury
Respiratory System
asthma
respiratory disease chracterized by paroxysms of coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath, which is caused by constriction of airways that is reversible between attacks
Respiratory System
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
a progressive lung disease that resticts the air flow, which makes breathing difficult. Chronic bronchitis and emphysema are the two main compnents of COPD
Respiratory System
coccidiodomycosis
fungal disease affecting the lungs and sometimes other organs of the body
Respiratory System
cor pulmonale
serious cardiac disease associated with chronic lung disorders, such as emphysema
Respiratory System
croup
condition resulting from acute obstruction of the larynx
Respiratory System
cystic fibrosis
hereditary disorder of exocrine glands characterized by excess mucus production in the respiratory tract pancreatic deficiency, and other symptoms
Respiratory System
deviated septum
one part of the nasal cavity is smalller because of malformation or injury of the nasal cavity
Respiratory System
emphysema
stretching of the lung tissuecaused by the alveoli becoming distended and losing elasticity
Respiratory System
epistaxis
nosebleed
Respiratory System
influenza
highly infectious respiratory disease caused by a virus
Respiratory System
legionnaire disease
a lobar pneumonia caused by the bacterium legionella pneuophila
Respiratory System
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
repetitive pharyngeal collapse during sleep, which leads to absenceof breathing; can produce daytime drowsiness and elevated blood pressure
Respiratory System
Pertussis
Highly contagious bacterial infection of the respiratory tract characterized by an acute crowing inspiration, or whoop (also called whooping cough)
Respiratory System
pleural effusion
fluid in the pleural space caused by a disease process or trauma
Respiratory System
pulmonary edema
fluid accumulation in the alveoli and bronchioles
Respiratory System
pulmonary embolism (PE)
matter forgein to the circulation, carried to the pulmonary artery and its branches, where it blocks circulation to the lungs and can be fatal if of sufficient size or number.
Respiratory System
Tuberculosis
an infectious disease, caused by an acid-fast bacillus, most commonly spread by inhalation of small particles and usually affecting the lungs
Respiratory System
upper respiratory infection (URI)
infection of the nasal cavity, pharynx, or larynx (commonly called a cold)
Respiratory System
Adenoidectomy
excision of the adenoids
Respiratory System
adenotome
surgical instrument used to cut the adenoids
Respiratory System
bronchoplasty
surgical repair of a bronchus
Respiratory System
laryngectomy
excision of the larynx
Respiratory System
laryngoplasty
surgical repair of the larynx
Respiratory System
laryngostomy
creation of an artifical opening into the larynx
Respiratory System
laryngotracheotomy
incision of the larynx and trachea
Respiratory System
lobectomy
excision of a lobe (of the lung)
Respiratory System
pleuropexy
surgical fixation of the pleura
Respiratory System
pneumobronchotomy
incision of lung and bronchus
Respiratory System
pneumonectomy
excision of a lung
Respiratory System
rhinoplasty
surgical repair of the nose
Respiratory System
septoplasty
incision into the nasal septum
Respiratory System
sinusotomy
incision of a sinus
Respiratory System
thoracocentesis
surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from the chest cavity
Respiratory System
thoracotomy
incision in the chest cavity
Respiratory System
tonsillectomy
excision of the tonsils
Respiratory System
tracheoplasty
surgical repair of the trachea
Respiratory System
tracheostomy
creation of an artifical opening into the trachea
Respiratory System
tracheotomy
incision of the trachea
Respiratory System
bronchoscope
instrument used for visual examination of the bronchi
Respiratory System
bronchoscopy
visual examination of the bronchi
Respiratory System
endoscope
instrument used for visual examination within
Respiratory System
endoscopic
pertaining to visual examination within
Respiratory System
endoscopy
visual examination within
Respiratory System
laryngoscope
instrument used for visual examination of the larynx
Respiratory System
laryngoscopy
visual examination of the larynx
Respiratory System
capnometer
instrument used to measure carbon dioxide
Respiratory System
oximeter
instrument used to measure oxygen
Respiratory System
spirometer
instrument used to measure breathing (or lung volume)
Respiratory System
spriometry
a measurement of breathing (lung volume)
Respiratory System
polysomnography (PSG)
process of recording many tests during sleep
Respiratory System
chest computed tomography (CT) scan
computerized images of the chest created in sections sliced from front to back. Performed to diagnose tumors, abscesses, and pleural effusion. Computed tomography is used to visualize other body parts such as the abdomen and the brain.
Respiratory System
Chest radiograph (CXR)
a radiographic image of the chest performed to evaluate the lungs and the heart (also called a chest x-ray)
Respiratory System
ventilation-perfusion scanning (VPS)
a nuclear medicine precedure performed to diagnose a pulmonary embolism and other conditions
Respiratory System
acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear
a test performed on septum to determine the presence of acid-fast bacilli, which cause tuberculosis
Respiratory System
arterial blood gases (ABGs)
a test performed on arterial blood to determine levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other gases present
Respiratory System
peak flow meter (PFM)
a portable instrument used to measure how fast air can be pushed out the lung; used to help monitor asthma and adjust medication accordingly
Respiratory System
pulmonary function test (PFTs)
a group of tests performed to measure breathing and used to determing respiratory function
Respiratory System
pulse oximetry
a noninvasive method of measuring oxygen in the blood by using a device that attaches to the finertip
Respiratory System
auscultation
the act of listening for sounds within the body through a stethoscope.
Respiratory System
percussion
the act of tapping of a body surface with the fingers to determine the density of te part beneath by the sound obtained. The dull sound indicates the presence of fluid in a body space or cavity such as in the pleural space
Respiratory System
PPD (purified protein derivative) skin test
a test performed on individuals who have recently been exposed to tuberculosis.
Respiratory System
stethoscope
an instrument used to hear internal body sounds; used for performing auscultation and blood pressure measurement
Respiratory System
acapnia
condition of absence (less than normal level) of carbon dioxide (in the blood)
Respiratory System
alveolar
pertaining to the alveolus
Respiratory System
anoxia
condition of the absence (deficiency) of oxygen
Respiratory System
aphonia
condition of absence of voice
Respiratory System
apnea
absence of breathing
Respiratory System
bronchoalveolar
pertaining to the bronchi and alveoli
Respiratory System
bronchospasm
spasmodic contraction in the bronchi
Respiratory System
diaphragmatic
pertaining to the diaphragm
Respiratory System
dysphonia
condition of difficult speaking (voice)
Respiratory System
dyspnea
difficult breathing
Respiratory System
endotracheal
pertaining to within the trachea
Respiratory System
eupnea
normal breathing
Respiratory System
hypercapnia
condition of excess carbon dioxide (in the blood)
Respiratory System
hypernea
exessive breathing
Respiratory System
hypocapnia
condition of deficient carbon dioxide (in the blood)
Respiratory System
hyponea
deficient breathing
Respiratory System
hypoxemia
condition of deficient oxygen in the blood
Respiratory System
hypoxia
condition of deficient oxyen (to the tissue)
Respiratory System
intrapleural
pertaining to within the pleura (space between the two pleural membranes)
Respiratory System
laryngeal
pertaining to the larynx
Respiratory System
laryngospasm
spasmodic contraction of the larynx
Respiratory System
mucoid
resembling mucus
Respiratory System
mucous
pertaining to mucus
Respiratory System
nasopharyngeal
pertaining to the nose and pharynx
Respiratory System
orthopnea
able to breathe easier in a straight (upright) position
Respiratory System
phrenalgia
pain in the diaphragm
Respiratory System
phrenospasm
spasm of the diaphragm
Respiratory System
pulmonary
pertaining to the lungs
Respiratory System
pulmonologist
a physician who studies and treats diseases of the lung
Respiratory System
pulmnology
study of the lung (a branch of medicine dealing with diseases of the lung)
Respiratory System
rhinorrhea
discharge from the nose (as in a cold)
Respiratory System
tachypnea
rapid breathing
Respiratory System
thoracic
pertaining to the chest
Respiratory System
airway
passageway by which air enters and leaves the lungs as well as a mechanical device used to keep the air passageway unobstructed
Respiratory System
asphyxia
deprivation of oxygen for tissue usel suffocation
Respiratory System
aspirate
to withdraw fluid or suction fluid; also to draw foreign material into the respiratory tract
Respiratory System
bronchoconstrictor
agent causing narrowing of the bronchi
Respiratory System
bronchodilator
agent causing the bronchi to widen
Respiratory System
cough
sudden, noisy expulsion of air from the lungs
Respiratory System
hiccup
sudden catching of breath with a spasmodic contraction of the diaphragm
Respiratory System
hyperventilation
ventilation of the lungs beyond normal body needs
Respiratory System
hypoventilation
ventilation of the lungs that does not fullfill the body’s gas exchange needs
Respiratory System
mucopurulent
containing both mucus and pus
Respiratory System
mucus
slimy fluid secreted by the mucous membranes
Respiratory System
nebulizer
device that creates a mist used to deliver medication for giving respiratory treatment
Respiratory System
nosocomial infection
an infection acquired during hospitalization
Respiratory System
paroxysm
periodic, sudden attack
Respiratory System
patent
open, the opposite of closed or compromised, thus allowing passage of air, as in patent trachea and bronchi
Respiratory System
sputum
muccous secretion from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea expelled through the mouth
Respiratory System
ventilator
mechanical device used to assist with or substitute for breathing
Respiratory System
ABGs
arterial blood gases
Respiratory System
AFB
acid-fast bacilli
Respiratory System
ARDS
acute respiratory distress syndrome
Respiratory System
CF
cystic fibrosis
Respiratory System
COPD
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Respiratory System
CT
computed tomography
Respiratory System
CXR
chest radiograph
Respiratory System
flu
influenza
Respiratory System
LLL
left lower lobe
Respiratory System
LTB
Laryngotracheobronchitis
Respiratory System
LUL
Left Upper Lobe
Respiratory System
OSA
obstructive sleep disorder
Respiratory System
PE
pulmonary embolism
Respiratory System
PFM
peak flow meter
Respiratory System
PFTs
pulmonary function test
Respiratory System
PSG
polysomnography
Respiratory System
RLL
Right Lower Lobe
Respiratory System
RML
Right Middle Lobe
Respiratory System
RUL
Right Upper Lobe
Respiratory System
SOB
shortness of breath
Respiratory System
TB
tuberculosis
Respiratory System
URI
Upper respiratory infection
Respiratory System
VPS
ventilation-perfussion scanning
Respiratory System
Lungs
two spongelike organs in the thoracic cavity. The right lung consists of three lobes and the left lung has two.
Respiratory System
Pleura
Double folded serous membrane covering each lung and lining the thoracic cavity with a small spave between, called the pleural cavity, which contains serous fluid.
Respiratory System
Diaphragm
muscular partition that seperates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. It aids in the breathing process by contracting and pulling air in, then relaxing and pushing air out.
Respiratory System
Mediastinum
space between te lungs. It contains the heart, esophagus, trachea, great blood vessels, and other structures.
Respiratory System
Adenoid/o
Adenoids
Respiratory System
alveol/o
alveolus
Respiratory System
bronchi/o, bronch/o
bronchus
Respiratory System
diaphragmat/o, phren/o
diaphragm
Respiratory System
epiglott/o
epiglottis
Respiratory System
laryng/o
larynx
Respiratory System
lob/o
lobe
Respiratory System
nas/o, rhin/o
nose
Respiratory System
pharyng/o
pharynx
Respiratory System
pleur/o
pleura
Respiratory System
pneum/o, pneumat/o, pneumon/o
lung, air
Respiratory System
pulmon/o
lung
Respiratory System
sept/o
septum (wall off, fence)
Respiratory System
sinus/o
sinus
Respiratory System
thorac/o
thorax (chest)
Respiratory System
tonsill/o
tonsil
Respiratory System
atel/o
imperfect, incomplete
Respiratory System
capn/o
carbon dioxide
Respiratory System
hem/o, hemat/o
blood
Respiratory System
muc/o
mucus
Respiratory System
orth/o
straight
Respiratory System
ox/i, ox/o
oxygen
Respiratory System
phon/o
sound, voice
Respiratory System
py/o
pus
Respiratory System
somn/o
sleep
Respiratory System
spir/o
breathe, breathing
Respiratory System
a-, an-
absence of, without
Respiratory System
endo-
within
Respiratory System
eu-
normal, good
Respiratory System
pan-
all, total
Respiratory System
poly-
many, much
Respiratory System
tachy-
fast, rapid
Respiratory System
-algia
pain
Respiratory System
-ar, -ary, -eal
pertaining to
Respiratory System
-cele
hernia or protrusion
Respiratory System
-centesis
surgical puncture to aspirate fluid (with a sterile needle)
Respiratory System
-ectasis
stretching out, dilatation, expansion
Respiratory System
-emia
blood condition
Respiratory System
-graphy
process of recording, radiographic
Respiratory System
-meter
insturment used to measure
Respiratory System
-metry
measurement
Respiratory System
-pexy
surgical fixation, suspension
Respiratory System
-pnea
breathing
Respiratory System
-rrhagia
rapid flow of blood
Respiratory System
-scope
insturment used for visual examination
Respiratory System
-scopic
pertianing to visual examination
Respiratory System
-scopy
visual examination
Respiratory System
-spasm
sudden, involuntary muscle contraction
Respiratory System
-stenosis
constriction or narrowing
Respiratory System
-stomy
creation of an artifical opening
Respiratory System
-thorax
chest
Respiratory System
-tomy
cut into or incision
