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Medical Terminology > Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Male Reproductive System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Male Reproductive System

Testis, or testicle (pl. testes, or testicles)

A

primary male sex organs, paired, oval-shaped, and enclosed in a sac called the scrotum. The testes produce spermatozoa (sperm cells) and the hormone testosterone.

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2
Q

Male Reproductive System

sperm (spermatozoon, pl. spermatozoa)

A

The microscopic male germ cell, which when unite with the ovum, produces a zygote (fertilized egg) that with subsequent development becomes an embryo.

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3
Q

Male Reproductive System

Testosterone

A

the principal male sex hormone. Its chief function is to stimulate the development of the male reproductive organs and secondary sex characteristics such as facial hair.

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4
Q

Male Reproductive System

Seminiferous tubules

A

approximately 900 coiled tubes within the testes in which spermatogenesis occurs

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5
Q

Male Reproductive System

epididymis

A

coiled duct atop each of the testes that provides for storage, transit, and maturation of spermatozoa; continuous with the vas deferens

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6
Q

Male Reproductive System

vas deferens, ductus deferens, or seminal duct

A

duct carrying the sperm from the epididymis to the urethra. The spermatic cord encloses each vas deferens with nerves, lymphatics, arteries, and veins. The urethra also conects with the urinary bladder and carries urine outstide the body. A circular muscle constricts during intercourse to prevent urination.

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7
Q

Male Reproductive System

Seminal vesicles

A

Two main glands located at the base of the bladder that open into the vas deferens. The glands secrete a thick fluid, which forms part of the semen.

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8
Q

Male Reproductive System

Prostate gland

A

encricles the upper end of the urethra. The prostate gland secretes a fluid that aids in ejaculation.

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9
Q

Male Reproductive System

Scrotum

A

Sac suspended on both sides of and just behind the penis. The testes are enclosed in the scrotum.

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10
Q

Male Reproductive System

Penis

A

male organ of urination and copulation (sexual intercourse)

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11
Q

Male Reproductive System

glans penis

A

enlarged tip on the end of the penis

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12
Q

Male Reproductive System

prepuce

A

fold of skin covering the glans penis in uncircumcised males (foreskin of the penis)

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13
Q

Male Reproductive System

semen

A

composed of sperm, seminal fluids, and other secretions

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14
Q

Male Reproductive System

genitalia (genitals)

A

reproductive organs (male or female)

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15
Q

Male Reproductive System

balan/o

A

glans penis

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16
Q

Male Reproductive System

epididym/o

A

epididymis

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17
Q

Male Reproductive System

orchid/o, orchi/o, orch/o, test/o

A

testis, testicle

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18
Q

Male Reproductive System

prostat/o

A

prostate gland

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19
Q

Male Reproductive System

vas/o

A

vessel, duct

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20
Q

Male Reproductive System

vesicul/o

A

seminal vesicle

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21
Q

Male Reproductive System

andr/o

A

male

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22
Q

Male Reproductive System

sperm/o, spermat/o

A

spermatozoon (pl. spermatozoa), sperm

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23
Q

Male Reproductive System

A

state of

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24
Q

Male Reproductive System

anorchism (an-OR-kizm)

A

state of absence of testis (unilateral or bilateral)

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25
Q

Male Reproductive System

balanitis (bal-a-NI-tis)

A

inflammation of the glans penis

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26
Q

Male Reproductive System

balanorrhea (bal-a-no-RE-a)

A

discharge from the glans penis

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27
Q

Male Reproductive System

benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (be-NIN pro-TAT-ik hi-per-PLA-zha)

A

excessive development pertaining to the prostate gland (nonmalignant englargement of the prostate gland)

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28
Q

Male Reproductive System

cryptorchidism (krip-TOR-ki-diz-m)

A

state of hidden testes.

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29
Q

Male Reproductive System

epididymitis (ep-i-did-i-MI-tis)

A

inflammation of an epididymis

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30
Q

Male Reproductive System

orchiepididymitis (or-ke-ep-i-did-i-MI-tis)

A

inflammation of the testis and epididymis

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31
Q

Male Reproductive System

orchitis (or-KI-tis), orchiditis (or-ki-DI-tis), or testitis (tes-TI-tis)

A

inflammation of the testis or testicle

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32
Q

Male Reproductive System

prostatitis (pros-ta-TI-tis)

A

inflammation of the prostate gland

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33
Q

Male Reproductive System

prostatocystitis (pros-ta-to-sis-TI-tis)

A

inflammation of the prostate gland and bladder

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34
Q

Male Reproductive System

prostatolith (pros-TAT-o-lith)

A

stone in the prostate gland

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35
Q

Male Reproductive System

prostatorrhea (pros-ta-to-RE-a)

A

discharge from the prostate gland

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36
Q

Male Reproductive System

prostatovesiculitis (pros-ta-to-ves-ik-u-LI-tis)

A

inflammation of the prostate gland and seminal vesicles

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37
Q

Male Reproductive System

erectile dysfunction (ED) (e-RIK-til dis_FUNK-shun)

A

the inability of the male to attain or maintain an erection sufficient to perform sexual intercourse (formerly called impotence)

38
Q

Male Reproductive System

hydrocele (HI-dro-sel)

A

scrotal swelling caused by a collection of fluid

39
Q

Male Reproductive System

phimosis (fi-MO-sis)

A

a tightness of the prepuce (foreskin of the penis) that prevents its retraction over the glans penis; it may be congenital or a result of balanitis. Circumcision is the usual treatment.

40
Q

Male Reproductive System

priapism (PRI-a-piz-m)

A

persistent abnormal erection of the penis accompanied by pain and tenderness

41
Q

Male Reproductive System

prostate cancer (PROS-tat KAN-cer)

A

cancer of the prostate gland, usually occuring later in life. most common cancer in men, most are adenocarcinomas, arising from epithelial cells.

42
Q

Male Reproductive System

testicular cancer (tes-TIK-u-ler KAN-cer)

A

cancer of the testicle, usually occuring in men 15 to 35 years of age

43
Q

Male Reproductive System

Testicular torsion (tes-TIK-u-ler TOR-shun)

A

twisting of the spermatic cord causing decreased blood flow to the testis; occurs most often during puberty and often presents with a sudden onset of severe testicular or scrotal pain. Because of lack of blood flow to the testis, it is often considered a surgical emergency

44
Q

Male Reproductive System

varicocele (VAR-i-ko-sel)

A

enlarged veins of the spermatic cord.

45
Q

Male Reproductive System

balanoplasty (BAL-a-no-plas-te)

A

surgical repair of the glans penis

46
Q

Male Reproductive System

epididymectomy (ep-i-did-i-MEK-to-me)

A

excision of an epididymis

47
Q

Male Reproductive System

orchidectomy (or-kid-EK-to-me), orchiectomy (or-ke-to-me)

A

excision of the testis (bilateral orchidectomy also is called castration)

48
Q

Male Reproductive System

orchidopexy (OR-kid-o-pek-se), orchiopexy (OR-ke-o-pek-se)

A

surgical fixation of a testicle (performed to bring undescended testicle into the scrotum)

49
Q

Male Reproductive System

orchidotomy (or-kid-OT-o-me), orchiotomy (or-ke-OT-o-me)

A

incision into a testis

50
Q

Male Reproductive System

orchioplasty (OR-ke-o-plas-te)

A

surgical repair of the testis

51
Q

Male Reproductive System

prostatectomy (pros-ta-TEK-to-me)

A

excision of the prostate gland

52
Q

Male Reproductive System

prostatocystotomy (pros-tat-o-sis-TOT–o-me)

A

incision into the prostate gland and bladder

53
Q

Male Reproductive System

prostatolithotomy (pros-tat-o-li-THOT-o-me)

A

incision into the prostate gland to remove a stone

54
Q

Male Reproductive System

prostatovesiculectomy (pros-tat-o-ves-ik-u-LEK-to-me)

A

excision of the prostate gland and seminal vesicles

55
Q

Male Reproductive System

vasectomy (va-SEK-to-me)

A

excision of a duct (partial excision of the vas deferens bilaterally, resulting in male sterilization)

56
Q

Male Reproductive System

vasovasostomy (vas-o-va-ZOS-to-me)

A

creation of artifical opening between ducts

57
Q

Male Reproductive System

vesiculectomy (ve-sik-u-LEK-to-me)

A

excision of the seminal vesicles

58
Q

Male Reproductive System

circumcision (ser-kum-SI-zhun)

A

surgical removal of the prepuce (foreskin)

59
Q

Male Reproductive System

hydrocelectomy (hi-dro-se-LEK-to-me)

A

surgical removal of a hydrocele

60
Q

Male Reproductive System

radical prostatectomy (RP) (RAD-i-kel pros-ta-TEK-to-me)

A

excision of the prostate gland with its capsule, seminal vesicles, vas deferens, and sometimes pelvic lymph nodes; performed by a retropubic or perineal approach, or laparoscopically; used to treat prostate cancer

61
Q

Male Reproductive System

suprapubic prostatectomy (su-pra-PU-bik pros-ta-TEK-to-me)

A

excision of the prostate gland through an abdominal incision made above the pubic bone and through an incision in the bladder; used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer

62
Q

Male Reproductive System

transurethral incision of the prostate gland (TUIP) (trans-u-RE-thral in-SIZH-en PROS-tat)

A

a surgical procedure that widens the urethra by making a few small incisions in the bladder neck and the prostate gland. No prostate tissue is removed. TUIP may be used instead of TURP when the prostate gland is less enlarged.

63
Q

Male Reproductive System

transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) (trans-u-RE-thral MI-kro-wav ther-mo-THER-a-pe)

A

a treatment that eliminates excess tissue present in benign prostatic hyperplasia by using heat generated by microwave

64
Q

Male Reproductive System

transurethral resection of the prostate gland (TURP) (trans-u-RE-thral re-SEK-shun PROS-tat)

A

surgical removal of pieces of the prostate gland tissue by using a resectoscope inserted through the urethra. The capsule is left intact; usually performed when the enlarged prostate interfers with urination

65
Q

Male Reproductive System

transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) (trans-REK-tal UL-tra-sound)

A

an ultrasound procedure used to diagnose prostate cancer. Sound waves are sent and received by a transducer in the form of a probe that is placed into the rectum. The sound waves are transformed into an image of the prostate gland.

66
Q

Male Reproductive System

prostate-specific antigen (PSA) (PROS-tat spe-SIF-ik AN-ti-jen)

A

a blood test taht measures the level of prosate-specific antigen in the blood. Elevated test results may indicate the presence of prostate cancer or excess prostate tissue, as found in benign prostate hyperplasia.

67
Q

Male Reproductive System

semen analysis (SE-men a-NAL-i-sis)

A

microscopic observation of ejaculated semen, revealing the size, structure, and movement of sperm; used to evaluate male infertility and to determine the effectiveness of a vasectomy (also called sperm count and sperm test)

68
Q

Male Reproductive System

digital rectal examination (DRE) (DIJ-i-tal REK-tal eg-zam-i-NA-shun)

A

a physical examination in which the physician inserts a finger into the rectum and feels for the size and shape of the prostate gland through the rectal wall. Used to screen for BPH and cancer of the prostate. BPH usually presents as a unifrom, nontender enlargement, whereas cancer usually presents as a stony hard nodule.

69
Q

Male Reproductive System

Acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

A

a disease that affects the body’s immune system, transmitted by excahnge of body fluid.

70
Q

Male Reproductive System

Artificial insemination

A

introduction of semen into the vagina by artifical means

71
Q

Male Reproductive System

azoospermia

A

lack of live sperm in the semen

72
Q

Male Reproductive System

chlamydia

A

a sexually transmitted disease. symptoms are painful urination and discharge from the penis in men and fential itching, vaginal discharge, and bleeding between periods for women.

73
Q

Male Reproductive System

coitus (KO-i–tus)

A

sexual intercourse between male and female (also called copulation)

74
Q

Male Reproductive System

condom

A

cover woren during sexual intercourse to prevent conception and the spread of sexually transmitted diseases

75
Q

Male Reproductive System

ejaculation

A

ejection of semen from the male urethra

76
Q

Male Reproductive System

gential herpes

A

sexual transmitted disease

77
Q

Male Reproductive System

gonads

A

male and female sex glands

78
Q

Male Reproductive System

gonorrhea

A

contagious, inflammatory sexually transmitted disease caused by a bacterial organism that affects the mucous membranes of the genitourinary system

79
Q

Male Reproductive System

heterosexual

A

a person that is attracted to a member of the opposite sex

80
Q

Male Reproductive System

homosexual

A

person who is attracted to a member of the same sex

81
Q

Male Reproductive System

AIDS

A

Acquired immunodefciency syndrome

82
Q

Male Reproductive System

BPH

A

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

83
Q

Male Reproductive System

DRE

A

digital rectal examination

84
Q

Male Reproductive System

ED

A

erectile dysfunction

85
Q

Male Reproductive System

HIV

A

human immunodeficiency virus

86
Q

Male Reproductive System

PSA

A

prostate specific anitgen

87
Q

Male Reproductive System

RP

A

radical prostatectomy

88
Q

Male Reproductive System

STD

A

sexually transmitted disease

89
Q

Male Reproductive System

TRUS

A

transrectal ultrasound

90
Q

Male Reproductive System

TUIP

A

transunrethral incision of the prostate

91
Q

Male Reproductive System

TUMT

A

trans urethral microwave thermotherapy

92
Q

Male Reproductive System

TURP

A

transurethral resection of the prostate

Medical Terminology (17 decks)

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