Respiratory System Flashcards
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
To facilitate gas exchange, primarily oxygen intake and carbon dioxide removal.
True or False: The diaphragm is a muscle that aids in breathing.
True
Fill in the blank: The ________ is the main organ of the respiratory system.
lung
What is the name of the air passage that connects the throat to the lungs?
trachea
Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for the exchange of gases?
alveoli
What are the tiny hair-like structures that line the respiratory tract called?
cilia
Multiple Choice: What is the normal respiratory rate for a healthy adult at rest?
12-20 breaths per minute
What is the term for the process of breathing in?
inhalation
True or False: The left lung has three lobes.
False
What is the primary gas that is expelled from the body during exhalation?
carbon dioxide
Fill in the blank: The ________ separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity.
diaphragm
What is the role of surfactant in the lungs?
To reduce surface tension in the alveoli and prevent collapse.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following structures is NOT part of the upper respiratory tract?
bronchi
What is the term for the inflammation of the airways typically caused by an allergic reaction?
asthma
True or False: Hemoglobin is responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood.
True
What is the primary muscle used in the process of inhalation?
diaphragm
Fill in the blank: The ________ is a flap of tissue that prevents food from entering the trachea.
epiglottis
What part of the brain regulates the rate and depth of breathing?
medulla oblongata
Multiple Choice: Which gas is primarily detected by chemoreceptors to regulate breathing?
carbon dioxide
What is the condition characterized by the dilation of the alveoli leading to difficulty in breathing?
emphysema
True or False: The right lung is smaller than the left lung.
False
What is the term for the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing?
tidal volume
Fill in the blank: The ________ are the two main branches of the trachea leading into the lungs.
bronchi
What is the process by which oxygen is transported from the lungs to the tissues?
oxygen diffusion
Multiple Choice: Which respiratory condition is caused by prolonged exposure to irritants?
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
What is the term for the amount of air that remains in the lungs after a forced exhalation?
residual volume
Trachea contains ‘C-rings’ which are made of what?
Cartilage
There are around 300 million of what in the lungs?
Alveoli
The right lung is larger. True or false?
True.
The right lung is larger. True or false?
True.
Where are intercostal muscles found?
Between the ribs.
How much more oxygen (%) does a woman’s body require when pregnant?
20%
