Menstrual Cycle

Question 1

What are the four main phases of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 1

Menstrual phase, Follicular phase, Ovulation, Luteal phase.

Question 2

True or False: The menstrual cycle typically lasts 28 days.

Answer 2

True.

Question 3

What phase occurs first in the menstrual cycle?

Answer 3

Menstrual phase.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The __________ phase is characterized by the shedding of the uterine lining.

Answer 4

Menstrual.

Question 5

During which phase does ovulation occur?

Answer 5

Ovulation phase.

Question 6

What hormone primarily regulates the follicular phase?

Answer 6

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).

Question 7

Multiple Choice: Which hormone surges to trigger ovulation? A) Estrogen B) Progesterone C) Luteinizing hormone D) FSH

Answer 7

C) Luteinizing hormone.

Question 8

How long does the luteal phase typically last?

Answer 8

About 14 days.

Question 9

True or False: The follicular phase begins after ovulation.

Answer 9

False.

Question 10

What happens to hormone levels if fertilization does not occur during the luteal phase?

Answer 10

Hormone levels drop, leading to menstruation.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The __________ phase is marked by the development of follicles in the ovaries.

Answer 11

Follicular.

Question 12

What is the primary function of oestrogen during the menstrual cycle?

Answer 12

To promote the thickening of the uterine lining.

Question 13

Multiple Choice: Which phase is characterized by a peak in oestrogen levels? A) Menstrual B) Follicular C) Ovulation D) Luteal

Answer 13

C) Ovulation.

Question 14

During which phase does the corpus luteum form?

Answer 14

Luteal phase.

Question 15

True or False: The menstrual cycle can be influenced by stress and lifestyle factors.

Answer 15

True.

Question 16

What is the role of progesterone in the menstrual cycle?

Answer 16

To prepare the uterine lining for potential implantation.

Question 17

Fill in the blank: The average menstrual cycle length can range from __________ to __________ days.

Answer 17

21 to 35.

Question 18

What triggers the start of the menstrual phase?

Answer 18

The drop in progesterone levels.

Question 19

Multiple Choice: Which phase is associated with the highest levels of progesterone? A) Menstrual B) Follicular C) Ovulation D) Luteal

Answer 19

D) Luteal.

Question 20

What occurs during the ovulation phase?

Answer 20

An egg is released from a mature follicle.

Question 21

True or False: All women have the same length menstrual cycle.

Answer 21

False.

Question 22

What is the main sign of ovulation?

Answer 22

Change in cervical mucus and a slight increase in basal body temperature.

Question 23

Fill in the blank: The __________ phase follows the menstrual phase and prepares the body for ovulation.

Answer 23

Follicular.

Question 24

What happens to the follicles that do not mature during the follicular phase?

Answer 24

They undergo atresia (degeneration).

Question 25

What hormone is responsible for thickening the uterine lining during the follicular phase?

Answer 25

Estrogen.

Question 26

True or False: The luteal phase is critical for establishing pregnancy.

Answer 26

True.

Question 27

What happens to the corpus luteum if pregnancy occurs?

Answer 27

It continues to produce progesterone to maintain the uterine lining.

Question 28

What is the duration of the menstrual phase?

Answer 28

3-7 days

Question 29

What hormones are involved in the menstrual phase?

Answer 29

Estrogen and progesterone

Question 30

What does LMP stand for and what is its purpose?

Answer 30

Last Menstrual Period, used to assess estimated Date of Birth

Question 31

What happens to the fertilized ovum after ovulation?

Answer 31

Moves to the uterus and attaches to the endometrium

Question 32

What hormone is produced if the ovum is fertilized?

Answer 32

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG)

Question 33

What is the role of HCG in the menstrual cycle?

Answer 33

Maintains the corpus luteum and production of progesterone

Question 34

What initiates the follicular phase?

Answer 34

Pituitary gland produces hormones

Question 35

What occurs during the follicular phase?

Answer 35

Development of several follicles and secretion of estrogen

Question 36

What effect does estrogen have during the follicular phase?

Answer 36

Thickens the endometrium for the fertilized ovum

Question 37

What regulates the ovulatory phase?

Answer 37

Pituitary gland and hypothalamus release hormones

Question 38

What is the function of the hormones released during the ovulatory phase?

Answer 38

Causes maturation of the follicle

Question 39

What occurs in the luteal phase after the ovum is released?

Answer 39

The follicle develops into the corpus luteum

Question 40

What does the corpus luteum do?

Answer 40

Causes thickening of the endometrium to support embryonic development

Question 41

What happens if fertilization does not occur in the luteal phase?

Answer 41

Corpus luteum degenerates, leading to a decrease in progesterone and estrogen

Question 42

What is the result of decreased progesterone and estrogen?

Answer 42

Leads to shedding of the endometrium

Question 43

What is PMS associated with?

Answer 43

The luteal phase and the transition to the next menstrual cycle

Question 44

Fill in the blank: The fertilized ovum attaches to the _______ after ovulation.

Answer 44

endometrium

Question 45

What order do the phases of the menstrual cycle happen?

Answer 45

Menstruation, the follicular phase, ovulation and the luteal phase

Question 46

What hormones are high during ovulation?

Answer 46

Oestrogen. LH - peaks around day 13, stimulating ovulation.

Question 47

What hormones are high during literal phase?

Answer 47

Oestrogen Progesterone - secreted from CL.

Question 48

What hormones are high during follicular phase?

Answer 48

FSH - stimulates development of follicles. Oestrogen Progesterone - remains stable but peaks at day 12.

Question 49

What hormones are high during menstruation?

Answer 49

Progesterone - ceases thickening of endometrium in preparation for fertilised egg. Prostaglandins - causing cramps.