Renal System Flashcards
What is the primary function of the renal system?
The primary function of the renal system is to filter blood and produce urine.
True or False: The kidneys are responsible for regulating blood pressure.
True
Fill in the blank: The functional unit of the kidney is called a __________.
nephron
What are the two main parts of a nephron?
The two main parts of a nephron are the renal corpuscle and the renal tubule.
Multiple Choice: Which structure collects urine from the kidneys?
Ureter
What is the role of the glomerulus?
The glomerulus filters blood to form urine.
True or False: The renal pelvis is the part of the kidney that drains urine into the bladder.
True
What hormone is primarily involved in the regulation of water balance?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Fill in the blank: The process of urine formation involves filtration, __________, and secretion.
reabsorption
What is the normal range of urine pH?
The normal range of urine pH is typically between 4.5 and 8.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following substances is primarily excreted by the kidneys?
Urea
What is the function of the renal tubule?
The renal tubule is responsible for reabsorbing water and nutrients and secreting waste.
True or False: Kidneys can regenerate damaged tissue.
False
What is nephron filtration rate (NFR)?
Nephron filtration rate (NFR) is the rate at which blood is filtered through the nephrons.
Fill in the blank: The adrenal glands produce __________, which helps regulate sodium and potassium levels.
aldosterone
What is the primary waste product removed by the kidneys?
Urea
Multiple Choice: Which condition is characterized by the presence of protein in the urine?
Proteinuria
What is the role of the loop of Henle?
The loop of Henle concentrates urine and conserves water.
True or False: The kidneys are located in the upper abdomen.
True
Fill in the blank: The __________ is a tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.
urethra
What is the significance of renal blood flow?
Renal blood flow is crucial for maintaining kidney function and homeostasis.
Multiple Choice: Which part of the nephron is responsible for the filtration of blood?
Glomerulus
What is the term for the inflammation of the kidneys?
Nephritis
True or False: Dialysis is a procedure that artificially removes waste from the blood.
True
Fill in the blank: Renal stones are also known as __________.
kidney stones
What is the primary role of the collecting duct?
The collecting duct is responsible for the final concentration of urine.
Why are women more likely to suffer from infection of the renal system?
Urethra is shorter than men’s. When pregnant they are immunocompromised.
How many layers are there in the kidneys?
3
How much does kidney volume increase during pregnancy?
30%
what can UTI’s lead to?
Sepsis & pyelonephritis.
What is a nephron?
A basic structural and functional unit of the kidney.
What is the function of the nephron?
Blood volume homeostasis, blood pressure & plasma osmolarity.
What does a nephron contain?
Glomerulus (filtration), tubule (processes the filtrate) & collecting duct (formed urine passes into renal pelvis).
