Renal System

Question 1

What is the primary function of the renal system?

Answer 1

The primary function of the renal system is to filter blood and produce urine.

Question 2

True or False: The kidneys are responsible for regulating blood pressure.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The functional unit of the kidney is called a __________.

Answer 3

nephron

Question 4

What are the two main parts of a nephron?

Answer 4

The two main parts of a nephron are the renal corpuscle and the renal tubule.

Question 5

Multiple Choice: Which structure collects urine from the kidneys?

Answer 5

Ureter

Question 6

What is the role of the glomerulus?

Answer 6

The glomerulus filters blood to form urine.

Question 7

True or False: The renal pelvis is the part of the kidney that drains urine into the bladder.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What hormone is primarily involved in the regulation of water balance?

Answer 8

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 9

Fill in the blank: The process of urine formation involves filtration, __________, and secretion.

Answer 9

reabsorption

Question 10

What is the normal range of urine pH?

Answer 10

The normal range of urine pH is typically between 4.5 and 8.

Question 11

Multiple Choice: Which of the following substances is primarily excreted by the kidneys?

Answer 11

Urea

Question 12

What is the function of the renal tubule?

Answer 12

The renal tubule is responsible for reabsorbing water and nutrients and secreting waste.

Question 13

True or False: Kidneys can regenerate damaged tissue.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

What is nephron filtration rate (NFR)?

Answer 14

Nephron filtration rate (NFR) is the rate at which blood is filtered through the nephrons.

Question 15

Fill in the blank: The adrenal glands produce __________, which helps regulate sodium and potassium levels.

Answer 15

aldosterone

Question 16

What is the primary waste product removed by the kidneys?

Answer 16

Urea

Question 17

Multiple Choice: Which condition is characterized by the presence of protein in the urine?

Answer 17

Proteinuria

Question 18

What is the role of the loop of Henle?

Answer 18

The loop of Henle concentrates urine and conserves water.

Question 19

True or False: The kidneys are located in the upper abdomen.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Fill in the blank: The __________ is a tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.

Answer 20

urethra

Question 21

What is the significance of renal blood flow?

Answer 21

Renal blood flow is crucial for maintaining kidney function and homeostasis.

Question 22

Multiple Choice: Which part of the nephron is responsible for the filtration of blood?

Answer 22

Glomerulus

Question 23

What is the term for the inflammation of the kidneys?

Answer 23

Nephritis

Question 24

True or False: Dialysis is a procedure that artificially removes waste from the blood.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Fill in the blank: Renal stones are also known as __________.

Answer 25

kidney stones

Question 26

What is the primary role of the collecting duct?

Answer 26

The collecting duct is responsible for the final concentration of urine.

Question 27

Why are women more likely to suffer from infection of the renal system?

Answer 27

Urethra is shorter than men’s. When pregnant they are immunocompromised.

Question 28

How many layers are there in the kidneys?

Answer 28

3

Question 29

How much does kidney volume increase during pregnancy?

Answer 29

30%

Question 30

what can UTI’s lead to?

Answer 30

Sepsis & pyelonephritis.

Question 31

What is a nephron?

Answer 31

A basic structural and functional unit of the kidney.

Question 32

What is the function of the nephron?

Answer 32

Blood volume homeostasis, blood pressure & plasma osmolarity.

Question 33

What does a nephron contain?

Answer 33

Glomerulus (filtration), tubule (processes the filtrate) & collecting duct (formed urine passes into renal pelvis).