Respiratory system

Question 1

Leukotriene modifiers

Answer 1

e.g Montelukast sodium
blocks over responding to triggers

Question 2

Inflammation of the lung affecting the alveoli (filled with pus & liquid)

Answer 2

Pneumonia

Question 3

upper respiratory tract includes which parts

Answer 3

nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx

Question 4

Air movement in and out of the lungs

Answer 4

Ventilation

Question 5

Bronchodilator, keep bronchioles open and prevent wheezing

Answer 5

Theophylline

Question 6

Not as good for accommodating breathing changes; less expensive

Answer 6

CPAP

Question 7

Wood burning in a fireplace, popping lung sound where airs move through mucus, fluid, pus

Answer 7

Crackles

Question 8

marked by spasms in the bronchi of the lungs, causing difficulty in breathing; Result of an allergic reaction or hypersensitivity

Answer 8

Asthma

Question 9

CODP Tx

Answer 9

Bronchodilators

Chest physiotherapy

Increased fluid intake

Encourage pursed lip breathing to help expire completely

Eat small frequent meals to avoid overdistention of the stomach, which presses the diaphragm making it harder to breathe

Question 10

A-S-T-H-M-A Tx acute exacerbation

Answer 10

Adrenergic agonist (albuterol)

Steroids (dexamethasone)

Theophylline- bronchodilators

Hydration via IV fluids

Mask for oxygen delivery

Anticholinergics (ipratropium)

Question 11

low flow oxygen

Answer 11

nasal cannula, simple face mask, non-rebreather (100% FiO2 *bag should fill up!)

Question 12

refers how many liters/min of gas is flowing into the client

Answer 12

Flow

Question 13

pressure used to push the gas into the client’s lungs

Answer 13

Pressures

Question 14

in asthma there is prolonged ___

no wheezing or breath sounds says?

Answer 14

EXPIRATION; complete obstruction

Question 15

Inhale: constant set pressure
Exhale: (lower) constant set pressure

Answer 15

BiPAP

Question 16

Air or fluid collects in the
pleural space

Answer 16

Pneumothorax

Question 17

Inhaled corticosteroids

Answer 17

e.g Budesonide, fluticasone
TAKE DAILY
ORAL HYGIENE to avoid oral thrush

Question 18

Fluid collects in alveoli; Deprives body of oxygen

Answer 18

ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome)

Question 19

BiPAP

Answer 19

Two different pressure settings for inhale vs exhale allows for lower pressure during exhalation

Question 20

lower respiratory tract includes which parts

Answer 20

trachea, bronchi, lungs

Question 21

common causes of ARDS

Answer 21

sepsis, trauma, burns, overdose, near drowning

Question 22

Used for more complex breathing problems that require additional airway support during sleep

Answer 22

BiPAP

Question 23

A-S-T-H-M-A triggers

Answer 23

Allergens
Sport/Smoking
Temperature change
Hazards
Microbes
Anxiety

Question 24

ARDS Tx

Answer 24

Intubation and mechanical ventilation High risk for infection (Ventilator associated pneumonia)

Prevent barotrauma

• PRONE position***

Question 25

coughing gagging bronchospasm fighting the ventilator ETT occlusion kink in the tubing increased thick secretions water in vent circuit produces ____ pressure alarm

Answer 25

HIGH

Question 26

Pneumothorax Tx

Answer 26

needle decompression, chest tube

Question 27

use of accessory muscles to force breathing

Answer 27

Retractions

Question 28

Inflamed airway with productive cough and excessive mucus

Answer 28

Chronic bronchitis

Question 29

location of retractions

Answer 29

subcostal, intracostal, supraclavicular, tracheal

Question 30

gas exchange occurs in ____ through ____

Answer 30

alveoli; passive diffusion

Question 31

Oxygen in the bloodstream

Answer 31

Oxygenation

Question 32

Be very careful with ____ ! For them, hypoxia has become the driving factor to stimulate breathing (they were hypercarbic for an extended period of time, body has adapted!!! too much oxygen will make the body forget breathing) ***COPD***

Answer 32

oxygen administration

Question 33

in event of pneumothorax check the ____ is midline when it shifts and pushes lungs and heart it's known as?

Answer 33

trachea; tension pneumothorax

Question 34

quiet lung sound with shallow or restricted breathing

Answer 34

Diminished

Question 35

BiPAP stands for

Answer 35

BiLevel positive airway pressure

Question 36

disconnected tubing loose connections leak extubation cuffed ETT or trach is deflated poorly fitting CPAP/BiPAP mask produces ____ pressure alarm

Answer 36

LOW

Question 37

Pneumonia classifications

Answer 37

Viral, Bacteria, Fungal, Chemical irritation, Aspiration

Question 38

Oxygen in the tissues

Answer 38

Perfusion

Question 39

CPAP stands for

Answer 39

continous positive airway pressure

Question 40

alveolar destruction due to chronic inflammation

Answer 40

Emphysema

Question 41

low-pitch, snoring lung sound where there are secretions in large airways

Answer 41

Rhochi

Question 42

percentage of the gas that is oxygen (room air= 21%; max= 100%)

Answer 42

FiO2 (Fraction of inspired oxygen)

Question 43

Noninvasive ventilation

Answer 43

CPAP & BiPAP

Question 44

anterior to posterior diameter in EQUAL to transverse diameter

Answer 44

Barrel chest

Question 45

Asthma attack that is refractory to treatment - Leads to severe respiratory failure

Answer 45

Status Asthmaticus

Question 46

High-pitched inspiratory lung sound on cause of upper airway obstruction

Answer 46

Stridor

Question 47

Life threatening blood clot in the lungs

Answer 47

Pulmonary embolism

Question 48

High-pitched expiratory musical lung sound because of airway obstruction

Answer 48

Wheezes

Question 49

seen in chest x ray client with ARDS

Answer 49

whited-out

Question 50

CPAP

Answer 50

Delivers air pressure at single set level that stays consistent during sleep

Question 51

Pulmonary embolism Tx

Answer 51

O2 administration, Anticoagulants, Thrombolytics

Question 52

seen in chest x ray for a client with pneumonia

Answer 52

patchy infiltrates

Question 53

high flow oxygen

Answer 53

high flow nasal cannula VENTURI MASK (most accurate)

Question 54

work of breathing e.g retraction

Answer 54

nasal flaring, head bobbing (infant), grunting

Question 55

positioning for pulmonary embolism

Answer 55

High fowler's

Question 56

Invasive ventilation

Answer 56

endotracheal tube, tracheostomy, mechanical ventilator

Question 57

pneumonia isolation precautions depend on?

Answer 57

causative agent (infectious or not)

Question 58

Increase & exhale: constant set pressure

Answer 58

CPAP

Question 59

ABG findings for COPD

Answer 59

acidotic, hypercarbic, hypoxic