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My ARCHER > Integumentary system > Flashcards

Integumentary system Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

ringlike with raised borders around flat centers of normal skin type of lesion

A

annular

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3
Q

Itching

A

Pruritus

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4
Q

Flat lesion

A

Macular

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5
Q

occurs in straight line

A

Linear

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6
Q

Crucial in the first 24 hours
● Due to the increase in capillary permeability, this is when the client is losing
large volumes of fluid and is at risk for hypovolemic shock

A

Fluid Replacement

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7
Q

Produce melanin - skin pigment

A

Melanocytes

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8
Q

Type 1 HSV on

A

mouth and face

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9
Q

Helps pull fluids back into the intravascular system
*ALBUMIN

A

Colloids

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10
Q

a growth that forms on a mucous membrane or other surface inside the body

A

polyp

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11
Q

Tinea capitis *fungi on

A

scalp

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12
Q

Cytotoxic T-cell drug reaction
Keratinocyte cell death (epidermis peeling off)
● Causes extensive blistering

A

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

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13
Q

Less common; more dangerous - can spread more easily
● Appearance: dark brown or black
*The cells are making lots of melanin!
*Most commonly located on trunk or legs

A

Melanoma

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14
Q

Epidermis synthesizes

A

Vitamin D

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15
Q

Fluids are titrated to ensure adequate UOP of ___

A

30mL/hr

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16
Q

Triamcinolone
Hydrocortisone

A

Topical corticosteroids

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17
Q

Yeast like fungal infection
*Erythematous macular eruption with isolated pustules at the border
*Common in skin folds

A

Candidiasis

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18
Q

direct result of a disease process what type of lesion?

A

Primary

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19
Q

allow for temperature regulation and dissipation of heat

A

sweat glands

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20
Q

Decreased perfusion to the kidneys
● Insufficient UOP

A

Renal Failure

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21
Q

Focus is on regaining function
*Psychosocial care
*ADL assistance
*Physio/occupational therapy
*Cosmetic correction

A

Rehabilitative

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22
Q
A
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23
Q

Absorbs mechanical shock

A

Hypodermis

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24
Q

flakes of cornified skin

A

scales

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25
Q

2 TYPES OF NECROTIC TISSUE

A

slough; eschar

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26
Q

Fluids are the priority intervention RULE OF 9’s

A

Parkland burn formula

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27
Q

Ensure that fluid intake is ____ mL/day

A

2000-3000 mL

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28
Q

Grouped lesions with weeping and crusting
■ Unilaterally along segment of skin that follows a cranial nerve

A

Herpes Zoster

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29
Q

Full thickness, plus
involvement of bone and muscle underneath
*These burns are dry and
dull
*Exposed tissue may include
bones and muscles as well
as ligaments and tendons

A

4th degree burn

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30
Q

Ranges from mild to moderate
*Contact precautions

A

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)

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31
Q

Thickening of epidermis and dermis
● Scaly, erythematous, pruritic plaques

A

Psoriasis

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32
Q

These include creams, lotions, oils, ointments, powders, shampoos, and
cleansers

A

Topical Antimicrobials

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33
Q

area of skin that is slightly raised and appears either redder or paler than the surrounding skin

A

wheal

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34
Q

Hypersensitivity when exposed to a certain
allergen

A

Contact dermatitis

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35
Q

small, node-like structure that is solid and elevated

A

Nodule

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36
Q

a small elevation on the skin that contains pus

A

Pustule

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37
Q

Diffuse infection of dermis and hypodermis
*Red, warm, swollen, and painful skin
Most common cause - staph, MRSA, or group B strep

A

Cellulitis

38
Q

Annular patches with elevated borders and scaling

A

Tinea

39
Q

dried exudate on skin

A

crust

40
Q

a cleft or groove in the skin

A

Fissure

41
Q

Protection from injury
***Inhibits proliferation of microorganisms

A

Epidermis

42
Q

small bladder or blister that contains clear fluid

A

Vesicle

43
Q

2 mechanisms causing pressure ulcer

A

SHEAR; FRICTION

44
Q

Very top layer of the epidermis grows out of control
*areas of the body exposed to sun

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

45
Q
A
46
Q

48-72 hours after injury until the wounds heal
● Capillary membrane permeability is stabilized

A

Acute

47
Q

Fluids are the priority intervention

A

Emergent

48
Q

Hypovolemic shock compensation

A

Increased HR
Decreased cardiac output
Decreased blood pressure

49
Q

develop as a consequence of the client’s activities what type of lesion?

A

Secondary

50
Q

Intense itching, red, dry, scaly skin.
■ Can have flare ups

A

Atopic dermatitis (eczema)

51
Q

Connective tissue
*Hair follicles
*Sweat glands and oil glands
*Blood vessels
*Nerves
*Lymphatic vessels

A

Dermis

52
Q

Given to reduce inflammation, redness, and itching

A

Topical corticosteroids

53
Q

Bacitracin
Neomycin
Mupirocin

A

Topical Antibacterials

54
Q

____ is leaving the intravascular space and going to the interstitial space and the client becomes hyponatremic

A

Sodium

55
Q

Inflammation of the dermis

A

Dermatitis

56
Q

area with excess collagen formation present after an injury has healed

A

Scar

57
Q

Expands the intravascular volume

A

Lactated Ringers

58
Q

Applied directly to the skin to treat a ___, ____, ____ infection

A

bacterial, fungal, viral

59
Q

widespread lesion

A

diffuse

60
Q

risk factors for pressure ulcersss

A

*lack of mobility,
*exposure to excessive moisture, *undernourishment,
*aging skin

61
Q

Thickened

A

Lichenified

62
Q

Client is at high risk for hypovolemic shock, electrolyte imbalances, and renal failure

A

Emergent

63
Q

First 24-48 hours
● Large shift in capillary membrane permeability

A

Emergent

64
Q

Produce keratin which forms the epidermis

A

Keratinocytes

65
Q

Focus on healing
*Prevent infection
*Alleviating pain
*Nutrition
*Wound care

A

Acute

66
Q

well defined, sharp borders lesion

A

circumscribed

67
Q

Tinea pedis also known as

A

Athlete’s foot

68
Q

The skin remains intact; no break in integrity of epidermis
*Redness (erythema)
*No blisters
*Can be painful to the touch

A

1st degree burn

69
Q

Use a reliable scale (e.g., Braden Scale) to assess risk, and assess entire skin daily of pressure ulcers

A

Braden Scale

70
Q

Tinea corporis *fungi on

A

Corpal

71
Q

Partial thickness burn
*Blisters form
*Affects the epidermis and dermis
*Skin is moist and red
*These burns are very painful

A

2nd degree burn

72
Q

Slow growing and rarely spread skin cancer

A

Basal cell carcinoma

73
Q

Full thickness burn
*Penetrate all the way from the epidermis to the dermis and down into the subcutaneous tissue
*Destroy the nerve endings,
● Appear red, tan, or black
● Are dry and leathery
● Areas of eschar

A

3rd degree burn

74
Q

circular lesion

A

circinate

75
Q

Type 2 HSV on

A

genital lesions

76
Q

Most common type of skin cancer

A

Basal cell carcinoma

77
Q

recommended diet for pressure ulcers

A

high protein, calorie

78
Q

Oral lesions ____ are creamy white

A

thrush

79
Q

Injury causes lysis of cells, which then release _____ into bloodstream

A

potassium

80
Q

Melanocytes grow out of control

A

Melanoma

81
Q

area of destruction of the epidermis

A

ulcer

82
Q

a closed pouch under the skin that contains a fluid or a semisolid substance

A

Cyst

83
Q

Clotrimazole
Ketoconazole
Miconazole
Nystatin

A

Topical Antifungals

84
Q

Increase in capillary permeability
● Third spacing occurs

A

Hypovolemic Shock

85
Q

Groups of vesicles on an erythematous base
■ Vesicles can turn into pustules, rupture, and form crusts
■ Last 2 to 6 weeks

A

Herpes Simplex Virus

86
Q

Parkland Formula

A

4mLx TBSA x (%) x weight (kg)

divide in half;
1st 8 hours
2nd 16 hours

87
Q

Burn is now healed

A

Rehabilitative

88
Q

Hives

A

Urticaria

89
Q

Bullous or ulcerative
* More common in children
Cause - staph or strep

A

Impetigo

90
Q

Raised lesion

A

Papular

91
Q

Start in the basal cell layer (bottom layer) of the epidermis
*Form on areas of the body exposed to sun - head, face, neck

A

Basal cell carcinoma

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