Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy LECTURE > RESPIRATORY SYSTEM > Flashcards

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

Respiration, tv, vr

A

Movement of fresh air into the lungs and out of the lungs

Tv= tidal volume

Vr = ventilation rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ventilation equation

A

VR * TV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Respiratory system functions

A

Supply oxygen and remove CO2

Blood pH buff

Conversion of ACE

Olfaction and speech

Humidify

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Processes of respiration

A

Pulmonary ventilation

External respiration

Transport

Internal respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Respiratory system processes of respiration

A

Pulmonary ventilation

External respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Pulmonary ventilation

A

Breathing

air in and out of lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

External respiration

A

Oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange between lungs and blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Circulatory system, processes of respiration

A

Transport

Internal respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Transport

A

Oxygen and CO2 in blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Internal respiration

A

Oxygen and CO2 exchange between systematic blood vessels and tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Functional zones

A

Respiratory zone

Conducting zone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Respiratory zone

A

Site of gas exchange and has microscopic structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Conducting zone

A

Conduits to gas exchange sites

All other respiratory structures are here and cleanses and warms incoming air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which muscles promote ventilation

A

Diaphragm and other respiratory muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

upper airway and respiratory track include what

A

Upper airways contains head and neck

Respiratory check includes larynx and lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Two regions of the nose and its function

A

External nose and nasal cavity

It is entry and exit airway and Moen and entering air

Filters and cleanses air

Chamber to resonate speech and has olfactory receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Mucosa

A

Mucous and serous secretions

Produce lysozymeas protection

Inspired air waned by cappilaries and veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Conchae

A

Nasal conchae increase lateral walls and increase mucosal area and enhance air turbulence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Conchae and mucosa during inhalation and exhalation

A

Inhalation filter , heat, and moisten air

Exhalation reclaim heat and moisture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Paranasal sinuses

A

Cavity

In frontal steroid, ethmoid, and maxillary bones

lighteb skull, resonate, sound and secure mucus to help warm air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Pharynx conducting zone

A

Muscular passage that connects nasal cavity to larynx and has three regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Three regions of pharynx

A

Nasopharynx

Oropharnyx

Laryngopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Larynx

A

Play roll in speech

Roots air and food into proper channel

Sections of rigid highline cartilage, and a spoon shaped flap of elastic cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Structures of larynx

A

Epiglottis

Laryngal prominence

Vocal folds

Glottis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Epiglottis

A

Roots food to the esophagus and air towards the trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Laryngeal prominence

A

Thyroid cartilage, also known as atoms, apple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Vocal folds( true vocal cords)

A

Vibrate with expelled air to create sound

Has vestibular folds (vocal cord)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Glottis

A

Opening between vocal cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Trachea part of conducting zone

A

Connects larynx with bronchi

Walls have hyaline cartilage

Had pseudostraified epithelium

Ends of cartilage connected by trachelais muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Lungs (conducting and respiratory zone) and number of lobes

A

Cavity

Each divided into lobes by fissures

Left long has two lobes and the right lung has three lobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Bronchi

A

Has primary secondary and tertiary bronchitis

Has bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, and respiratory bronchioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Alveoli (respiratory zone)

A

Site of gas exchange

Rich blood supplies, capillary form sheet over Avioli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Type one and type two aveolar cells

A

Type one make up wall of Avioli with squamous epithelial cell

Type two secrete surfactant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What happens in alveolus

A

Type two cells secrete the surface to prevent collapse of the alveolus and prevent inter wall sticking to each other

Deoxygenated gated blood comes in and CO2 is being released

Type 1 cells allow gas exchange between the avelois and capillaries

Oxygenated blood goes to the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Aveloli surface tension

A

Decrease surface area at interface Attracts liquid moles to one another

Water has high surface tension tk coat aveolar walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What happens in low lung volume?

A

Surface tension is inward because water molecules on wall want to interact

37
Q

In high lung volume what happens

A

Surface tension is outward because water particles on walls are pulled by bulk water outside avelous

38
Q

What prevents your lung from collapsing when we breathe out?

A

Surfactant

lipid and protein complex produced by type two Avola cells reduces surface tension of aveolar fluid

39
Q

Surfactant is a

A

Amphipatic molecule

40
Q

Conductions on recap pathway

A

Nose
Pharynx
Naso
Oro
Laryngo
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi and branches
Lungs and alveoli

41
Q

At 26 weeks the lungs and surfactant correlation in fetus is …

A

Lungs will start producing little surfactant and big amount at 35 wks

42
Q

In order to breath effectively the intrapleural pressure must be …

A

Lower than the atmospheric pressure

43
Q

What cell produces the pulmonary surfactant

A

Type 2 aveolar cell

44
Q

How are the lungs functionally connected?

A

They are functionally connected to the chess wall by the plural sack

45
Q

Trans pulmonary pressure, pleural pressure and intra-Avola pressure

A

4MMg
0mmhg
-4mmhg

46
Q

Long volume and pressures before inspiration when there is no movement of air going in

A

Pressure is 760 for PTP and PALV

PIP is 756

47
Q

Lung volume and pressure for ventilation cycle for inspiration and expirations

A

Inspiration: PALV is 759 and PIP is 754 respiratory muscles are contracting

Expiration : PALV 761 and PIP 756 respiratory muscles are relaxing

48
Q

Where is the airflow from and to

A

From high-pressure to low pressure area,

49
Q

Tidal volume normal breathing

A

Amount of air inhaled an exhaled with each breath under at rest

50
Q

Inspiratory reserve

A

Extra in

51
Q

Expiratory reserve volume

A

Extra out

52
Q

Residual volume

A

Amount air remaining in lungs after forced expiration

53
Q

Inspiratory capacity

A

Max volume inspiration after expiration

54
Q

Functional residual capacity

A

Amount of air and lungs after normal breath out

55
Q

Vital capacity

A

Total amount of exchangeable air

56
Q

Total lung capacity

A

Maximum amount of air that can be in the lungs

57
Q

Obstructive lung disease

A

Residual volume will increase

58
Q

Restrictive lung disease

A

Total lung capacity decreases

59
Q

Respiratory zone and conducting zone structures

A

Respiratory zone has respiratory bronchi, aveolar , ducks, lungs and Avioli ,

Conducting zone has, pharynx, larynx , trschea, bronchi bronchiole, and terminal bronchiole lungs

60
Q

Lung compliance

A

Stretchability of lung and how open aveoli is

61
Q

Great compliance =

A

Easier to expand lungs

62
Q

Lung compliance determined by

A

Elastic tissue

Surface tension generated at air water within alveoli

63
Q

Compliance and surfactant

A

Surfactant increase compliance

64
Q

Elastic recoil

A

Lung going back to original shape

65
Q

What happens when type 2 aveola is not present

A

Alveoli can collapse

66
Q

Aveolar without surfactant

A

Surface tension increases and alveoli has smaller volume

67
Q

Alveoli with surfactant

A

Prevents aveolar collapse and equilibriates alveoli sizes

68
Q

Ventilation =

A

Tidal volume times rate

69
Q

Causes of low compliance

A

Low muscle contraction

High surface tension (low surfactant)

Scar tissue (fibrosis) smoking

Edema (fluid in interstitial space)

70
Q

Example of high compliance

A

Emphysema : breakdown of aveolar walls

71
Q

Pneumothorax and treatment

A

Air in pleural cavity and collapses of lung

Chest tube in place tk vacuum it

72
Q

What does airflow depend on

A

Driving pressure and resistance

73
Q

Highest resistance area

A

Upper respiratory tract trachea and bronchi

74
Q

What determines airway lumen

A

Lung volume

75
Q

Psns and asthma

A

Psns simulate smooth muscle yk contraction bronchi causing asthma bc narrows airway

76
Q

Syns smooth muscle and asthma’s treatment

A

Muscle replaces allowing bronchodialation allowing airway to open

77
Q

What happens when elastic recoil decrease in compliance, air travel, and resistance

A

Compliance and air travel decreases

Resistance increases

78
Q

Elastic recoil decrease for other factors of pip, airflow, transmural, radius, resistance

A

Interpluersl space increase

Airflow decrease

Trsbsmural decresed

Radius decrease

Resistance increase

79
Q

Anatomical dead space

A

No gas exchange

80
Q

Alveolar dead space

A

No functional aveolar due to collapse

81
Q

Total dead space

A

Dead space if anatomical and alveolar

82
Q

Diffusion of gas will increase when…

A

Membrane permeability surface area membrane thickness

83
Q

Gas diffusion is active or passive, It’s directionality, what type of transporter.

A

Passive diffusion
High to low
Transporter independent

84
Q

What determines gas diffusion

A

Pressure gradient

85
Q

Ventilation and perfusion with Avola

A

Ventilation is the amount of gas, reaching alveoli
Perfusion is amount of blood, reaching the alveoli

86
Q

Ventilation and perfusion with Avola

A

Ventilation is the amount of gas, reaching alveoli
Perfusion is amount of blood, reaching the alveoli

87
Q

The amount of O2 picked up in the lungs matches…

A

The amount extracted and use the tissues

88
Q

Lungs jn covid

A

Effects exchange of Avola and the blood

89
Q

Control of respiration

A

No pacemaker activity and lungs or respiratory muscles

respiratory centers are in the medulla oblogata

Anatomy LECTURE (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions